第一篇:比较级与最高级的变化表
小学英语常见形容词及比较级、最高级变化一览表
1.在形容词词尾加上 “er” “est” 构成比较级、最高级:
bright(明亮的)—brighter—brightest broad(广阔的)—broader—broadest cheap(便宜的)—cheaper—cheapest clean(干净的)—cleaner—cleanest clever(聪明的)—cleverer—cleverest cold(寒冷的)—colder—coldest
cool(凉的)—cooler—coolest dark(黑暗的)—darker—darkest dear(贵的)—dearer—dearest deep(深的)—deeper—deepest fast(迅速的)—faster—fastest few(少的)—fewer—fewest great(伟大的)—greater—greatest hard(困难的,硬的)—harder—hardest
high(高的)—higher—highest kind(善良的)—kinder—kindest light(轻的)—lighter—lightest long(长的)—longer—longest loud(响亮的)—louder—loudest low(低的)—lower—lowest near(近的)—nearer—nearest new(新的)—newer—newest poor(穷的)—poorer—poorest quick(快的)—quicker—quickest quiet(安静的)—quieter—quietest rich(富裕的)—richer—richest short(短的)—shorter—shortest slow(慢的)—slower—slowest small(小的)—smaller—smallest smart(聪明的)—smarter—smartest soft(柔软的)—softer—softest strong(强壮的)—stronger—strongest sweet(甜的)—sweeter—sweetest tall(高的)-taller-tallest thick(厚的)—thicker—thickest warm(温暖的)—warmer—warmest weak(弱的)—weaker—weakest young(年轻的)—younger—youngest
2.双写最后一个字母,再加上 “er” “est” 构成比较级、最高级:
big(大的)—bigger—biggest fat(胖的)—fatter—fattest
hot(热的)—hotter—hottest red(红的)—redder—reddest sad(伤心的)—sadder—saddest thin(瘦的)—thinner—thinnest
wet(湿的)—wetter—wettest mad(疯的)—madder—maddest 3.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词,加上 “r” “st” 构成比较级、最高级: able(能干的)—abler—ablest brave(勇敢的)—braver—bravest
close(接近的)—closer—closest fine(好的,完美的)—finer—finest large(巨大的)—larger—largest late(迟的)—later—latest
nice(好的)—nicer—nicest ripe(成熟的)—riper—ripest rude(粗鲁的)—ruder—rudest safe(安全的)—safer—safest strange(奇怪的)—stranger—strangest wide(宽广的)—wider—widest
wise(睿智的,聪明的)—wiser—wisest white(白的)—whiter—whitest 4.以字母y结尾的形容词,把y改为i,再加上 “er” “est” 构成比较级、最高级:
busy(忙碌的)—busier—busiest dirty(脏的)—dirtier—dirtiest dry(干燥的)—drier—driest early(早的)—earlier—earliest
easy(容易的)—easier—easiest friendly(友好的)—friendlier—friendliest
funny(好玩的)—funnier—funniest
happy(开心的)—happier—happiest
healthy(健康的)—healthier—healthiest
heavy(重的)—heavier—heaviest
hungry(饿的)—hungrier—hungriest lazy(懒惰的)—lazier—laziest
lucky(幸运的)—luckier—luckiest
naughty(调皮的)—naughtier—naughtiest
noisy(嘈杂的)—noisier—noisiest pretty(美丽的)—prettier—prettiest
silly(傻的)—sillier—silliest spicy(辣的)—spicier—spiciest thirsty(渴的)—thirstier—thirstiest ugly(丑的)—uglier—ugliest
5.双音节、多音节形容词,在单词前面加上 “more” “most” 构成比较级、最高级:
afraid(害怕的)—more afraid—most afraid
beautiful(美丽的)—more beautiful—most beautiful careful(仔细的)—more careful—most careful
cheerful(开心的)—more cheerful—most cheerful
crowded(拥挤的)—more crowded—most crowded dangerous(危险的)—more dangerous—most dangerous
delicious(美味的)—more delicious—most delicious
difficult(困难的)—more difficult—most difficult
exciting(令人兴奋的)—more exciting—most exciting
expensive(昂贵的)—more expensive—most expensive famous(著名的)—more famous—most famous
frightened(受惊的)—more frightened—most frightened
frightening(令人害怕的)—more frightening—most frightening hard-working(勤奋的)—more hard-working—most hard-working
helpful(有帮助的)—more helpful—most helpful
honest(诚实的)—more honest—most honest
important(重要的)—more important—most important interesting(有趣的)—more interesting—most interesting
polite(有礼貌的)—more polite—most polite terrible(可怕的)—more terrible—most terrible
tired(累的)—more tired—most tired 6.不规则变化的形容词:
bad(坏的)—worse—worst far(远的)—farther—farthest(far—further—furthest)good(好的)—better—best ill(病的)—worse—worst
little(少的)—less—least many(多的)—more—most much(多的)—more—most
old(年老的)—older—oldest(old—elder—eldest)well(好的,身体好的)—better—best
第二篇:形容词比较级和最高级变化规则
形容词比较级和最高级变化规则
一、比较级的定义:大多数的形容词都有三个级别:原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更……”,用于两者之间的比较,用来说明“前者比后者更……”,比较级前面一般用much, even, a little修饰,其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。
二、比较级的构成:(1)规则变化:
①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er
Eg: calm---calmer
tall---taller
smart---smarter ②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-r
Eg: nice---nicer
fine---finer
large---larger ③以“辅音 y 结尾的词,变y为 i,再加-er”
Eg: early---earlier
happy---happier
busy---busier ④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词,双写辅音字母,再加-er
Eg: big---bigger
thin---thinner
hot---hotter ⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more
Eg: popular---more popular
important---more important(2)不规则变化:
少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的:good---better
bad/ill---worse
many/much---more little---less
far---farther/further
old---older/elder
三、比较级的用法:
(一)当两个人或事物(A和B)进行比较时,我们需要用到形容词(副词)的原级或者比较级
1. 表达“A和B一样”,用as…as的结构。公式: A be动词 as 形容词原级 as… B
A 实义动词 as 副词原级 as… B Eg
I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。
He runs as fast as I.他跑得和我一样快。2.表达“A不如B”用not as…as的结构。
公式: A be动词的否定形式 as 形容词原级 as… B
A 助词的否定形式 动词 as 形容词原级 as… B Eg I am not as tall as you.我没有你高。
He doesn’t run as fast as I.他没有我跑得快。2. 表达“A大于B”用“比较级 than”的结构。公式: A be动词 形容词比较级 than B…
A 实义动词 副词比较级 than B… Eg I am taller than you.我比你高。
He runs faster than I.他跑得比我快。(二)关于形容词、副词比较级的更多用法
1.比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语,意思是“更…”,“…得…”。常见词有much, a little, even, a lot, a great deal等。Eg
He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。
I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一点点。
想一想,这些词能修饰形容词或副词的原级吗?
2.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”,“小多少”,“长多少”,“短多少”等。
Eg
I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。This building is 20 meters higher than that one.3.“比较级 and 比较级”表示“越来越……”。
It is getting warmer and warmer.天气越来越暖和。He is running faster and faster.他跑得越来越快。
0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们祖国越来越美了。
4.“the more…,the more…”表示“越……,就越……”,The more,the better.多多益善。
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心,犯错就越少。
5.“the more…of the two…”表示“两个当中较。。的一个”
The taller of the two boys is my brother.四、当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时,我们需要用到形容词(副词)的最高级
1.表达“…是…中最…的”,用“the 形容词(副词)的最高级”的结构。后面可以加上表示范围的介词短语或从句。
公式:主语 be动词 the 形容词最高级 (名词) 表示范围的介词短语或从句
主语 实义动词 (the) 形容词最高级 表示范围的介词短语或从句 Eg
He is the tallest(student)in our class.He jumps the highest of the three boys.This is the best book that I have ever read.2.表示“最…的…中一个”,用“one of the 最高级 复数名词”的结构来表达。
Eg
He is one of the best students in our class.他是我们班最好的学生之一。
This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.这是花园里最漂亮的花之。
注意:(一)形容词的最高级前面有定冠词the , 而副词的最高级前面定冠词the可以省略。但在形容词最高级前有物主代词时,不能要定冠词the.(二)常见的用来表示范围的介词有in, of, among
五、运用形容词、副词比较级应当注意的问题:
(一)、按语法规则,than后面的人称代词应当用主格,但口语当中有时会用宾格代替主格。
两个人进行比较,用比较级。两个人以上进行比较,用最高级。
副词和形容词都有比较级、最高级,分别在该词之后加er、est,但需要注意以下几点: e结尾,则只需要加r、st,如large的比较级和最高级分别是larger,largest。重读音节中有一元音紧接一辅音结尾,则在变比较级最高级前要双写最后的辅音,如:big-bigger-biggest。该词以y结尾,y之前是辅音,则先把y改为i再加er、est,如busy-busier-busiest通常比较级用于二者之间的比较,该词后用上than,如Tom is taller than me.三个音节或以上的副词形容词的比较级最高级则要在词前加more、the most,如beautiful-more beautiful-the most beautiful This box is bigger than that one.也可以通过两个句子陈述作比较但无须用than,如I'm tall, but Tom is taller.而用上最高级的句子无论讲述人或物件数量均在三个或以上,如I'm tall.Tom is taller.Jim is the tallest.That book is the most expensive in our bookshop.Eg
He is more careful than I(me).(二)、只有同类的事物才能比较
e.g
Her bag is bigger than mine.不能说 Her bag is bigger than I.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.不能说The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang
第三篇:形容词比较级和最高级变化规则
形容词比较级和最高级变化规则 形容词级的变化规律和级的用法:
一、形容词级的变化:
1、规律变化:
单音词的变化:(四条)
①一般情况: er(比较级) est(最高级)eg :quiet--quieter--the quietest
bright--brighter---the brightest 明亮/聪明的dear--dearest--the dearest clever--cleverer--the cleverest
②词末为--e(不发音) r-- st eg:fine--finer--the finest nice--nicer--the nicest cute--cuter--the cutest close--closer--the closest white--whiter--the whitest large--larger--the largest free--freer--freest(特殊)
③重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母的:
双写辅音字母 er--双写辅音字母 est eg:hot--hotter--the hottest big--bigger--the biggest red--redder--the reddest wet--wetter--the wettest sad--sadder--the saddest fat--fatter--the fattest
thin--thinner--the thinnest fit--fitter--fittest
④少数以辅音字母 y结尾的双音节 原根词:
变y为i er 变y为i est 形容词和副词用法比较
形容词和副词形容词和副词在语法结构中主要用于比较级和最高级。形容词和副词的构成形式基本上一样,它们的形式与单音节、双音节和多音节有关,当然还有其特殊形式。形容词和副词比较级的基本用法分为同级比较、比较级和最高级三种形式。但这三种形式都有它们特殊的表达方式以及它们的惯用法。对以下要点大家须一一掌握。
第一节 形容词比较级和最高级的形式
一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成
形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下
构 成 法 原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级
① 一般单音节词末尾加er 和 est strong stronger strongest
② 单音节词如果以e结尾,只加r 和st strange stranger strangest ③ 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有 一个辅音字母,须先双写这个辅音字母,再加er和est sad big
hot sadder bigger
hotter saddest biggest hottest
④ 少数以y,er(或ure),ow,ble结尾的双音节词,末尾加er和est(以y结尾的词,如y前是辅音字母,把y变成i,再加er和est,以e结尾的词仍
只加r和st)angry clever narrow
noble angrier cleverer narrower
nobler angrest cleverest narrowest noblest
⑤ 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more和most different more different most different
1)The most high 〔A〕 mountain in 〔B〕 the world is Mount Everest,which is situated 〔C〕 in Nepal and is
twentynine thousand one hundred and fourty one feet high 〔D〕.2)This house is spaciouser 〔A〕 than that 〔B〕 white 〔C〕 one I bought in Rapid City,South Dakota 〔D〕 last year.3)Research in the social 〔A〕 sciences often proves difficulter 〔B〕 than similar 〔C〕 work in the physical 〔D〕 sciences.二、形容词比较级或最高级的特殊形式:
1.三个或三个以上音节的形容词只能加more和most
只能说 more beautiful而不能说beautifuller;只能说the most beautiful而不能说beautifullest。
但是,以形容前缀un结尾的三音节形容词不适合上述情况,如unhappy,untidy,我们可以说:unhappier→unhappiest, untidier→untidiest
2.由ING分词和ED分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级
more(most)striking, more(most)interesting, more(most)wounded, more(most)worn等。
4)The drawings 〔A〕 of the old masters 〔B〕 are among the treasuredest 〔C〕 works in museums 〔D〕.3.英语里有些形容词由于其词义而不可能有比较级形式
absolute fatal main right universal chief final naked simulta-utter entire foremost perfect neous vital
eternalinevitablepossiblesufficientwhole
excellent infinite primary supreme wooden
三、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式
good
well betterbest bad
illworseworst many
much moremost little
few lessleast
far fartherfarthest
furtherfurthest 5)African elephants are larger,fiercer,and difficulter 〔A〕 to tame 〔B〕 than 〔C〕 Asian elephants 〔D〕.6)Sarah Hale became 〔A〕 one of the famousest 〔B〕 magazine 〔C〕 editors in the United States during 〔D〕 the 1800's.7)Of all 〔A〕 the Native American tribes 〔B〕,the Shawnee Indians were 〔C〕 a most 〔D〕 transient.四、例题解析
1)A错。应将“most high”改为highest。这是在考形容词比较级的构成形式。2)A错。改为more spacious。3)B错。改为more difficult。
4)C错。treasured 在本句中是ED分词(动词treasure +ed)作形容词使用,是“宝贵的、珍贵的”意思,修饰名词 works(作品),其最高级形式应用 the most treasured。5)A错,改为more difficult。
6)B错。改为“the most famous”,因为famous(著名的)是双音节,其最高级变化应在前面加“the most”。
7)D错。应改为“the most”,因为此处表示的是最高级,“the most transient”意为“(延续时间)最短暂的”。
第二节 副词比较级和最高级的形式
副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样 一般 副词
hard→harder →hardest fast→faster →fastest late→later →latest
early→earlier →earliest 特殊 副词
well →better →best much →more →most badly →worse →worst
little →less →least 但是,开放类副词即以后缀ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加er或est,如
quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly 〔注〕: early中的ly不是后缀,故可以把y变i再加er和est
第三节 形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法
一、原级比较的基本用法
1.原级比较由“as+形容词或副词(或再加名词或短语)+as ”构成“原级相同”比较句,表示两者比较;其否定式,即“程度不及”比较句型为“not so(as)+形容词或副词+as”,而且as...as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰
1)Walking briskly for thirty minutes will burn as many calories as.〔A〕 to run for fifteen minutes 〔B〕 running for fifteen minutes 〔C〕 you run for fifteen minutes 〔D〕 fifteenminute walking 2)The gorilla(大猩猩),while 〔A〕 not quite as curious than 〔B〕 the chimpanzee(黑猩猩),shows more persistence 〔C〕 and memory retention(记忆力)in solving 〔D〕 a problem.3)Alaska is twice 〔A〕 as larger 〔B〕 as 〔C〕 the next largest 〔D〕 state,Texas.2.“as(so)+名词+as+名词”进行名词比较,这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词,但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语,应当用so而不用as 4)Thomas Jefferson's achievements as an architect rival his contributions a politician.〔A〕 such 〔B〕 more 〔C〕 as 〔D〕 than
5)I should say Henry is not much a writer as a reporter.(88年考题)〔A〕 that 〔B〕 so 〔C〕 this 〔D〕 as
二、比较级
1.比较级由“形容词(副词)比较级+than+...,”构成表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加...”。连词than后可接句子,也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、ING结构和ED结构,有时也可省去than。
6)Natural mica(云母)of 〔A〕 a superior 〔B〕 quality is cheapest 〔C〕 to obtain than synthetic 〔D〕 mica.7)She is older than.〔A〕 any other girl in the group 〔B〕 any girl in the group 〔C〕 all girls in the group
〔D〕 you and me as well as the group
8)Josephine McCrackin joined 〔A〕 the “Santa Cruz Sentinel” in 1905 and,until her death fifteen years late 〔B〕,remained 〔C〕 active in journalistic 〔D〕 work.2.注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致
9)The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than.〔A〕 ours 〔B〕 with us
〔C〕 for ours it had 〔D〕 it did for us 10)Sound travels air.〔A〕 faster through water than through 〔B〕 faster than through water and 〔C〕 through water faster and〔D〕 where it is faster through water than through
11)Gerbrand von den Feckhout,one of Rembrand's pupils,followed 〔A〕 the style of his teacher so implicitly that 〔B〕 his paintings 〔C〕 are sometimes confused with his master 〔D〕.三、最高级
1.最高级用于三者以上比较,形容词的结构形式是“定冠词+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句”(如all, of all, of the tree, in the world, that has ever taken place等)12)The more 〔A〕 fearsome of all the 〔B〕 animals in 〔C〕 the Western 〔D〕 Hemisphere is the grizzly bear.13)Of all economic 〔A〕 problems,inflation continues to be 〔B〕 a 〔C〕 most significant in its daily impact on 〔D〕 people and business.14),the most familiar to general public is the criminal jurisdiction.〔A〕 All the activities 〔B〕 The activities
〔C〕 Of all the activities 〔D〕 It is the activities
2.副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the
四、例题解析
1)B为正确答案。
2)B错。改为 as,和前面的as和形容词原形curious 一起构成同程度比较。
3)B错。改为as large。
4)C对。动词rival(胜过、匹敌)前后是两个相比较的成分achievements(成果)和 contributions(贡献),由于前面的名词后出现了短语 as an architect,故空白处也应用as,使前后对比成分一致。
5)B为正确答案。
6)C错。应改为比较级cheaper。比较级后并不一定跟接连词than,有时在其间有名词或名词短语(被形容词所修饰),介词短语,不定式或其他成分隔开。
7)A为正确答案。“She”作为单个不能跟全组比(C和D不对),也不能跟全组所有相比,因为“她”也是其中一员,自然“她”不能跟自己相比。这里“She”比较的是“这组中的任何一个”,所以A对。
8)B错。应改为比较级later,因此处实为与1905年相比晚15年,故应使用比较级。
9)D为正确答案。
10)A为正确答案。
11)D错。改为his master's。
12)A错。改为most。
13)C错。改为the,significant是多音节形容词,在此处应用最高级形式(在前面加 the most),注意句中的“of all...”。
14)C为正确答案。本句空白处缺状语,A和B全为名词短语,不符合条件;D为句子,和空白后面的句子没有任何联系,故亦应排除。只有C正确,和后面的最高级the most familiar前后呼应。
第四节 形容词和副词的特殊表达法
一、形容词与副词的同级比较: 由“as(so)...as”引出,其否定式为“not so...”或“not as...as”,考生还应注意下列含有“as”结构或短语的句子
1.as such:表示上文所指明的事或人
He is a child,and must be treated as such.他是个孩子,必须被当作孩子对待。
2.as much:表示“与...同量”
Take as much as you like.拿多少都行。
I would gladly have paid twice as much for it.就是价格再贵一倍,我也会愿意把它买下的。
He as much as admitted the whole story.他几乎全部承认了。
3.as many:表示“与...一样多”
I found six mistakes in as many lines.我在六行中发现了六个错。
二、表示“几倍于”的比较级:用twice(两倍),four times(四倍),ten times(十倍)加上as...as 结构
This one is four times as big as that one.这个是那个的四倍大。(这个比那个大三倍。)/ Our campus is three times as large as yours.我们的校园比你们的大两倍。/ He has books twice as many as she does.他的书比她多一倍。
1)The fiveyear deal obligates 〔A〕 the country to buy nine million tons 〔B〕 of grain a year 〔C〕,three million more as 〔D〕 the old pact's minimum.三、“the same +名词+as”表示同等比较
2)The lens of a camera performs the lens of the eye.〔A〕 in the same function 〔B〕 the same function as
〔C〕 the function is the same as 〔D〕 and has the same function
3)The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would
have as the amount of money borrowed.〔A〕 as the same value 〔B〕 the same value
〔C〕 value as the same 〔D〕 the value is the same
四、比较级前可用a little, a bit, slightly, a great deal, a lot,many, much等词语表示不定量,far, completely,still表示程度或更进一步
4)There are now methods for studying color vision in infants than there once were.〔A〕 more sophisticated than 〔B〕 much more sophisticated 〔C〕 much sophisticated 〔D〕 sophisticated
5)The photographs of Mars taken by satellite are than those taken from the Earth.〔A〕 clearest 〔B〕 the clearest 〔C〕 much clearer 〔D〕 more clearer
6)Common porpoises(海豚)are usually not considered 〔A〕 migratory,although 〔B〕 some do move 〔C〕 to more warmer 〔D〕 waters in winter.兼有两种形式的副词
1)close与closely
close意思是“近”; closely 意思是“仔细地” He is sitting close to me.Watch him closely.2)late 与lately
late意思是“晚”; lately 意思是“最近” You have come too late.What have you been doing lately?
3)deep与deeply
deep意思是“深”,表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,“深深地” He pushed the stick deep into the mud.Even father was deeply moved by the film.4)high与highly
high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much The plane was flying high.I think highly of your opinion.5)wide与widely
wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是“广泛地”,“在许多地方” He opened the door wide.English is widely used in the world.6)free与freely
free的意思是“免费”;freely 的意思是“无限制地” You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.You may speak freely;say what you like.形容词使用顺序巧记忆
当两个以上形容词修饰一个名词,形容词该如何排列? 为什么不能说a black new pen,而要说成a new black pen? 这里面有无规则可循?
如果你记住Opshacom这个为帮助记忆而杜撰的词,就能掌握英语中形容词排列的顺序。
Opshacom中op代表opinion,指表示人们观点的形容词,如beautiful,horrible,lovely,nice等;
sh代表shape,指表示形状的形容词,如long,short,round, narrow等;
a代表age,指表示年龄、时代的形容词,如old,new,young等;
c代表colour,指表示颜色的形容词,如red,black, orange等;
o代表origin,指表示国籍、地区的形容词,如British,Canadian,German等;
m代表material,指表示材料的形容词,如plastic,metal,aluminium等。
英语中这六类形容词连用时就按上述先后顺序排列,如a nice long new black British plastic pen当然,实际语言使用中不可能出现这么多形容词连用的情况。
第四篇:比较级 最高级
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级
一般单音节词 tall(高的)taller tallest 未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的)greater greatest 以不发音的e结尾 nice(好的)nicer nicest 的单音词和少数 large(大的)larger largest 以-le结尾的双 able(有能力的)abler ablest 音节词只加-r,-st
以一个辅音字母 big(大的)bigger biggest 结尾的闭音节单 hot热的)hotter hottest 音节词,双写结
尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est
“以辅音字母 y” easy(容易的)easier easiest 结尾的双音节词,busy(忙的)busier busiest 改y为i,再加
-er,-est
少数以-er,-ow clever(聪明的)cleverer cleverest 结尾的双音节词 narrow(窄的)narrower narrowest 未尾加-er,-est
其他双音节词和 important(重要的)多音节词,在前 more important 面加more,most most important 来构成比较级和 easily(容易地)最高级。more easily most easily
2)不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good(好的)/ better best well(健康的)
bad(坏的)/ worse worst ill(有病的)
old(老的)older/elder oldest/eldest much/many(多的)more most little(少的)less least
far(远的)farther/further farthest/furthest
★形容词的比较级和最高级:
形容词有三种等级:原级、比较级、最高级。
3〃原级:句中只有一者时用原级,其标志词是very, so, too, quite等。
e.g.His handwriting is very good.他的书法很好。(一个人不作比较。)
太阳、月亮和地球那个大?
★ 形容词比较级和最高级的构成:
1.一般在原级后加er 构成比较级,加est构成最高级。
e.g.small smaller smallest young younger youngest
2.以不发音的字母e 结尾的形容词,直接加r 或st 构成比较级和最高级。
e.g.nice nicer nicest late later latest
3.以辅音字母 y 结尾的形容词,变y为i,再加er 或est, 构成比较级和最高级。
e.g.busy busier busiest heavy heavier heaviest
4.在重读闭音节中,末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词,要先双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est,构成比较级和最高级。
e.g.hot hotter hottest big bigger biggest
5.个别形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则变化,需个别记忆。
e.g.good(well)better best bad(badly, ill)worse worst many(much)more most little less least far father farthest 或 further furthest
★ 副词的比较级和最高级:
1.以ly 结尾的副词,除early 变为 earlier 和 earliest 外,其余一律在其前加more 和most。如:carefully – more carefully – most carefully 2.规则变化直接加er 和 est。如:fast – faster—fastest 3.个别词是不规则变化,需要特别记忆。
如:well – better – best far – farther – fastest badly – worse – worst
4.句子中,副词最高级前的the 可省略也可以不省略,但形容词最高级前面的the 绝对不能去掉。
第五篇:比较级和最高级
8A Unit1 Grammar
比较级和最高级
Comparative and superlative adjectives
注: 形容词和副词才有比较级和最高级
一、单音节与部分双音节词
1.直接 er/est long-longer-longest
short-shorter-shortest
small-smaller-smallest
quick-quicker-quickest
slow-slower-slowest
clean-cleaner-cleanest
fast-faster-fastest
hard-harder-hardest
high-higher-highest
straight-straighter-straightest 2.以e结尾的单词 r/st
nice-nicer-nicest fine-finer-finest
late-later-latest
cute-cuter-cutest wide-wider-widest close-closer-closest
large-larger-largest polite-politer-politest 3.以辅音字母 y, 去y ier/iest 表示天气的形容词 sunny/windy/cloudy/rainy/snowy/dry 形容人的词 pretty/lazy/angry/shy/sporty/ funny 注: shy-shyer-shyest shy-shier-shiest shyly-more shyly-most shyly
friendly-friendlier-friendliest friendly-more friendly-most friendly
lovely-lovelier-loveliest
lovely-more lovely-most lovely 形容事的词 easy/early/heavy/empty noisy-nosier-nosiest
healthy-healthier-healthiest
lucky-luckier-luckiest 4.一个元音字母 一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,双写辅音 er/est big/thin/slim/fat/sad/glad/red/hot/wet/fit/mad big-bigger-biggest
slim-slimmer-slimmest
fat-fatter-fattest
不规则变化
many/much-more-most
few-fewer-fewest
little-less-least
good/well-better-best
bad/ill/badly-worse-worst far-farther-farthest表距离远
further-furthest表程度深
old-older-oldest年龄大小
elder/eldest有血缘关系的长幼顺序
二、多音节词 more/most 常见形容词
important/interesting/generous/honest/popular/famous
e.g.important-more important-most important 情感类形容词 bored/boring/excited/exciting/tired/tiring
e.g.excited-more excited-most excited 以-ful 结尾的形容词 helpful/careful/grateful/cheerful
e.g.helpful-more helpful-most helpful 以-ly 结尾的副词slowly/quickly/carefully/luckily/happily/noisily/healthily/easily
e.g.slowly-more slowly-most slowly 比较级的用法
We use comparatives than to compare two people or things.We usually add-er to short adjectives and use more with long adjectives to form comparatives.形容词的比较级用于两个人或者两个事物之间的对比。短形容词我们加er, 长形容词我们加more。判断方法
1.than
He looks ___________than I.(healthy)
区别: I have __________apples than you.many more 可数名词
I have __________milk than you.much more 不可数名词 2.A or B
Which is __________, the earth or the moon.Which is ___________one, the earth or the moon.(big)3.句子中有even/much/a lot/a little I felt even ___________.(hungry)He runs much ___________.(slow)He looks a lot ___________.(tired)He is a little ___________than before.(fat)4.倍数 比较级
My house is three times __________than yours.(big)5.隐含条件
It's too expensive.Do you have a __________one?(cheap)How beautifully he sings!I've never heard a __________voice.(good)6.the 比较级,the 比较级
越...越...The __________(hard)he works, the __________(happy)he feels.The __________(much)you eat, the __________(fat)you will be.7.比较级 比较级
越来越...The weather is getting __________and __________.(cold)
注: 形容词、副词前面 less、least 表示较不或最不 less/least difficult
more/most difficult
最高级的用法
We use the superlatives to compare three or more people or things.We usually add-est to short adjectives and use most with long adjectives to form superlatives.形容词的最高级用于三人及三人以上或三者或三者以上的比较。短形容词后面我们加est,长形容词后面我们加most。判断方法
1.A、B or C三者的比较
Which color do you like __________(good), Green, white, or black? 2.One of the 形容词最高级 名词复数
The river is one of __________(long)rivers in our own.3.in some place
of/among sb./ sth.表范围
Kitty is __________(beautiful)in our class.He is __________of the four.(tall)4.序数词 最高级
The yellow river is the second __________river in China.(long)5.有定语从句放在名词后表范围用最高级
This is __________coat I have ever bought.(cheap)注:副词最高级前的the可以省略 He runs __________in his class.(fast)Of all the boys, he came __________.(early)
比较级和最高级的相互转换 Kate is the tallest of all the girls.= Kate is taller than the other girls.(其他所有女孩)=Kate is taller than any other girl.(其他任何女孩)注: the other 名词复数
any other 名词单数
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.Shanghai is bigger than __________in China.=__________in China.=any of the other cities.Shanghai is larger than __________city in Japan.=__________city in China.注: any 没有排除在外
any other 排除在外
Nanjing is bigger than __________city in Jiangsu.Shanghai is bigger than __________city in Jiangsu.China is larger than __________country in Africa.__________country in Asia.注: any other 名词单数(同范围比较)
any 名词单数(不同范围比较)