第一篇：高中英语《被动语态讲解》教案 新人教版必修2
河北省邯郸四中高中英语《被动语态讲解》教案 新人教版必修2 例：①Mother often makes me do homework.→I am often made to do homework by mother.⑵teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词to/for。例：
①She gave me a book.= She gave a pen to book.→I was given a book by her.→A book was given to me by her.②My father bought me a MP3.= My father bought a MP3 for me.→I was bought a MP3 by my father.→A MP3 was bought for me by my father.[3]含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。（宾补放在原来位置不变）
例：①We call him Xiao Ming.主 谓
宾 宾补
→Ｈe is called Xiao Ming by us.②He found the novel very interesting.→The novel was found very interesting by him.[4] 没有被动语态的动词：
1.没有被动语态的词，表示状态或特征的及物动词如 cost, fit, have, suit等没有被 1 动形式，另外，像happen = take place, break out(爆发)，break down(坏了)result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态
2.不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态: appear, die ,disappear, end(vi.结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, come true, fall asleep,...3.大多数系动词：be , feel(摸起来)，sound(听起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste（尝起来），look(看起来)，等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。例：①The shirt feels very soft.这件衬衣摸起来很柔软。
②Many changes have taken place in our country.
第二篇：高中英语被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
高中英语被动语态
一、被动语态的构成形式
1.被动语态的基本时态变化
被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：
1)am/is/are done(过去分词)一般现在时
2）has /have been done 现在完成时
3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时
4）was/were done 一般过去时
5）had been done 过去完成时
6）was/were being done 过去进行时
7）shall/will be done 一般将来时
8）should/would be done 过去将来时
9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）
10）should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）
2.被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3)当“动词 宾语 宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。
例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.3.非谓语动词的被动语态
v. ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态与完成时态)。
例I don't like being laughed at in the public.二、如何使用被动语态
学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。
1.讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省 by 短语)。
例 My bike was stolen last night.2.借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。
例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.3.为了更好地安排句子。
例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people.（一个主语就够了）
三、It is said that 从句及其他类似句型
一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。有：
It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped
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高中英语被动语态
that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.（＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam.）
四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1.英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
例 This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
试比较：The door won't lock．（指门本身有毛病）
The door won't be locked．（指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）
2.表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词与短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。
例 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？
3.系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。
例Your reason sounds reasonable.五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义
在某些句型中可用动名词与不定式的主动形式表被动意义。
1． 在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
例The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。
2． 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
例The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）
3.动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式与名词之间有动宾关系时，又与句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon．(to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。)
试比较：I’ll go to the post office.Do you have a letter to be posted?(此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。)
4.在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。
例This problem is difficult to work out.（可看作to work out省略了for me）.5． 在too… to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
例This book is too expensive(for me)to buy.6.在there be…句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物。
例There is no time to lose（to be lost）．（用 to lose可看成for us to lose；用to be lost，谁 lost time不明确。）
7.在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
例 Who is to blame for starting the fire?
六、介词in, on, under等 名词构成介词短语表被动意义
表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前
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高中英语被动语态
一般不用冠词。
1.“under 名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。常见的有：under control（受控制）, under treatment（在治疗中）, under repair（在修理中）, under discussion（在讨论中）, under construction（在施工中）。
例The building is under construction(is being constructed).2．“beyond 名词”结构，“出乎……胜过……、范围、限度”。常见的有：beyond belief(令人难以置信)，beyond one’s reach（鞭长莫及），beyond one’s control（无法控制），beyond our hope． 我们的成功始料不及。
例The rumour is beyond belief（=can’t be believed）．
3.“above 名词”结构, 表示“(品质、行为、能力等)超过……、高于……”。
例His honest character is above all praise．=His honest character cannot be praised enough．
4．“for 名
词”结构，表示 “适于……、为着……”。如：for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等。
例That house is for sale.(= That house is to be sold).5．“in 名词”结构，表示“在……过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print（在印刷中），in sight(在视野范围内)，等。
例The book is not yet in print．(=is not yet printed)
6．“on 名词”结构, 表示“在从事…… 中”。常见的有：on sale(出售)，on show（展出）, on trial（受审）。
例Today some treasures are on show in the museum(= are being showed).7．“out of 名词”结构 ； 表示 “超出…… 之外“，常见的有：out of control(控制不了)，out of sight（超出视线之外），out of one’s reach(够不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。
例 The plane was out of control(can’t be controlled)．。
8．“within 名词”结构，“在……内、不超过……”。
例He took two days off within the teacher's permission．
七、被动语态与系表结构的区别
当“be 过去分词”作被动语态时表示主语承受的动作；作系表结构时表示主语的特点或所处的状态时，be后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。其区分办法如下：
1．如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者，该句一般为被动语态，否则为系表结构。
例The glass is broken．（系表结构）
The glass was broken by the boy．（被动语态）
2．如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。
例The door is locked．（系表结构）
The door hasalready/just been locked．（被动语态）
3．被动语态除用于一般时态与完成时态外，还可以用于其他各种时态，而系表结构中的系动词be只有一般时态与完成时态。
例 The machine is being repaired．
八、被动语态与高考试题赏析
1． 高考对谓语动词语态的考查例析
1).In some parts of the world, tea ___ with milk and sugar.(NMET1993)A.is serving B.is served C.serves D.served 2).This is Ted’s phone.We miss him a lot.He ___ trying to save a child in the earthquake.(NMET2022)A.killed B.is killed C.was killed D.was killing 3).----Have you moved into the new house?
----Not yet, the rooms _____.(NMET1991)
A.are being painted B.are painting C.are painted D.are being painting
4).When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ___ yet.（上海春2022）
A.are not decided B.have not been decided C.is not being decided D.has not been decided
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高中英语被动语态
5).The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets ___.A.was booked B.had been booked C.were booked D.have been booked
2．高考对非谓语动词语态的考查
当非谓语动词的逻辑主语为动作的承受者时, 须用被动式。弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的执行与承受关系是掌握非谓语动词语态的关键。
1).Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ___ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see B.to be seen C.seeing D.seen 2).While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ___ into buying something they don’t really need.A.to persuaded B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded 3）.I feel it is your husband who ___ for the spoiled child.（上海2022）
A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blamed D.should blame 【强化训练】
1.If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner． A． are not kept；will have to
B． are not kept；have C． do not keep；will have to
D． do not keep；have to 2.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.A.developed
B.have developed
C.are being developed
D.will have been developed 3.---____ the sports meet might be put off．
---Yes，it all depends on the weather．
A． I've been told B． I've told
C． I'm told
D． I told
4.I need one more stamp before my collection ___.A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed
5.Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A.cut B.are cut
C.are being cut D.had been cut
6.The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.A.has been designed B.had been designed C.was designed D.would be designed
7.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.A.breaks
B.has broken
C.was broken
D.had been broken
8.Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.A.have been taken place;have been set up
B.have taken place;have been set up
C.have taken place;have set up
D.were taken place;were set up
9.That suit __ over 60 dollars.A.had costed B.costed C.is costed
D.cost
10.---Look!Everything here is under construction.---What’s the pretty small house that __ for?
A.is being built
B.has been built
C.is built
D.is building
11.---Do you like the material?
---Yes, it ___ very soft.A.is feeling
B.felt
C.feels
D.is felt
12.It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．
A． write
B．to write C． to be written
D． written
13.I have no more letters ____，thank you．
A． to type B． typing
C． to be typed
D． typed
14.Take care!Don’t drop the ink on your shirt, for it __ easily.A.won’t wash out B.won’t be washed out C.isn’t washed out D.isn’t washing out
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高中英语被动语态
15.Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.A.be put up
B.give in
C.be turned on
D.go out 16.The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.A.belongs B.are belonged to C.belongs to
D.belong to 17.---What do you think of the book?---Oh, excellent.It’s worth ___ a second time.A.to read
B.to be read
C.reading
D.being read 18.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught
D.to catch 19.This page needed ___ again.A.being checked
B.checked
C.to check
D.to be checked 20.___ many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do the exercises A.Having taught B.Having been taught
C.taught D.Teaching
专题训练
1.Our house_____，A.is getting paint B.is getting painted
C.is got painted D.has got to paint 2.He arrived in Beijing,where he_____his friend.A.was met by B.was met C.was meeting D.met by 3.The war_____in 1937
A.was broken out B.had been broken out
C.has broken out D.broke out 4.The mistakes in the exercises will_____the teacher.A.cross B.be crossing C.be crossed by D.cross by 5.My brother and I have __________her birthday party.A.been invited B.been invited for C.invited to D.been invited to
6.It_______this way
A.is had to do B.is had to be done C.had to be done D.has to do 7.It__this way.A used to do B.used to be done C.is used to do D.is used to doing 8._____Chaplin.A.The child's name was called B.The child's name calls C.The child calls D.The child is named 9.The sports meeting____.A.is put off B.is to put off C.is to be put off D.puts off 10.Mary realized she_________
A.was making fun of B.was made fun C.was being made fun of D.was being made fun 11.______to say a thing in that way
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高中英语被动语态
A.It is considers wrong B.It is considered wrong C.It is considered it's wrong D.It is consiedring wrong 12.He ordered that the books_______at once.A.would be printed B.would print C.be printed D.print 13.The story______in ChinA.A.was taken place B.was happened
C.took place D.has been taken place 14.The house_____my parents
A.is belong to B.belong to C.belongs to D.is belonged to 15.He_______by his teacher.A.happened to see B.was happened to see C.happened to be seen D.was happened to be seen 16.Great changes_____in our province.Many tall buildings.A.have been taken place, have been set up
B.have taken place, have been set up
C.have been taken place, have been set up
D.were taken place, were set up
17.The hall's____but it's not yet____with lamps.A.furnished, finished B.been finished, been furnished
C.being finished, being furnished D.set up, full
18.The new hall is the tallest building in this town._____from here?
A.Can it see B.Can it be seen C.Can it seen D.Can see 19.As soon as we got to the airport,we found that the plane_____.A.had already taken off B.already took off
C.was already taking off D.was already taken off 20.Some of the hotels in my hometown_________.A.have now been rebuilding B.are now rebuilding
C.are now being rebuilt D.are rebuilt now
21.If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner．
A.are not kept；will have to B.are not kept；have
C.do not keep；will have to D.do not keep；have to
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高中英语被动语态
22.The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.A.developed B.have developed
C.are being developed D.will have been developed 23.---____ the sports meet might be put off．
---Yes，it all depends on the weather．
A.I've been told B.I've told C.I'm told D.I told 24.I need one more stamp before my collection ___.A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed 25.Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A.cut B.are cut C.are being cut D.had been cut 26.The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.A.has been designed B.had been designed C.was designed D.would be designed 27.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.A.breaks B.has broken C.was broken D.had been broken 28.Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.A.have been taken place;have been set up
B.have taken place;have been set up
C.have taken place;have set up
D.were taken place;were set up 29.That suit __ over 60 dollars.A.had costed B.costed C.is costed D.cost 30.---Look!Everything here is under construction.---What's the pretty small house that __ for?
A.is being built B.has been built C.is built D.is building 31.---Do you like the material?---Yes, it ___ very soft.A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt
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高中英语被动语态
32.It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．
A.write B.to write C.to be written D.written 33.I have no more letters ____，thank you．
A.to type B.typing C.to be typed D.typed 34.Take care!Don't drop the ink on your shirt, for it __ easily.A.won't wash out B.won't be washed out C.isn't washed out D.isn't washing out 35.Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.A.be put up B.give in C.be turned on D.go out 36.The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.A.belongs B.are belonged to C.belongs to D.belong to 37.---What do you think of the book?---Oh, excellent.It's worth ___ a second time.A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being read 38.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch 39.This page needed ___ again.A.being checked B.checked C.to check D.to be checked 40.___ many times, the boy still didn't know how to do the exercises
A.Having taught B.Having been taught C.taught
D.Teaching
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高中英语被动语态
八、被动语态与高考试题赏析
1． 高考对谓语动词语态的考查例析
1.解析 B 因为serve是及物动词，其动作承受者tea作主语，表经常发生的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。2.解析 C Ted是kill的承受者，用被动语态，且Ted救人发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
3.解析 A “house”与“paint”应该是被动的关系，排除B，D。后者未搬进新居的原因是房子正在油漆，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。不能用一般现在时表示习惯性动作，排除C。4.解析 D decide是及物动词，动作的发出者通常是人，句中的主语是动作的承受者，所以decide要用被动语态。从题干的语境与关键词yet，可判断用现在完成时，不定式做主语用单数，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
5.解析 B 句中tickets是book(订票)的承受者，主谓为被动关系，又因票已被订出应发生在entered the office这个过去动作之前，所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。
2．高考对非谓语动词语态的考查 1.解析 B 根据题意，那对老夫妇是否到国外旅行是将来的动作，应使用不定式，故排除掉C、D两项；又因remains的逻辑主语it是动词see说表示动作的承受者，即“到国外旅行”这件事，这件事有待于“被决定”，应使用动词不定式的被动形式。
2.解析 C can’t help doing “禁不住做某事”，排除A与D；顾客应是“被劝说”购物的，要用动名词的被动语态。3.解析 A feel的宾语从句为强调句型，在be to do结构中，在某些场合可用不定式的主动语态表示被动语态，如to blame，to let等。
【强化训练】
key 1--5 ACADC
6--10 BCBDA 11--15 CBCAD 16--20 DCCDB 专题训练
Keys 1 B 2 A 3 D 4 C 5 D 6 C 7 B 8 D 9 A 10 C B 12 C 13 C 14 C 15 C 16 B 17 B 18 B 19 A 20 C 21 A 22 C 23 A 24 D 25 C 26 B 27 C 28 B 29 D 30 A 31 C 32 B 33 C 34 A 35 D 36 D 37 C 38 C 39 D 40 B
９
第三篇：被动语态讲解
被动语态讲解
一、总述：
英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice)和被动语态（The Passive Voice).主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
They will build a new bridge over the river.(主动)A new bridge will be built over the river.(被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：
助动词be 及物动词的过去分词构成。
二、被动语态的形式
1)常用时态的被动语态的构成：
被动语态的基本形式为助动词be 及物动词的过去分词，即be done。
被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以give 为例，列表如下：
一般现在时： am / is / are given 一般过去时： was / were given 一般将来时： shall / will be given 过去进行时： was / were being given 现在进行时： am / is / are being given 过去完成时： had been given 现在完成时： have / has been given 将来完成时： shall / will have been given 过去将来时： should / would be given 现在完成进行时：have/has been being done 含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词＋be done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。2）被动语态的否定式:在第一个助动词后加not构成。Russian is not taught in our school.我们学校不教俄语。3）被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。
Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗？
How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱？
三、被动语态使用范围
谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。
动作承受者需强调，用被动语态莫忘了。1.Some stamps were stolen last week.2.The PRC was founded on October 1, 1949.3.Football is played in most middle schools.四、主动语态与被动语态的转换 1．主语 谓语 宾语
练习：将下列各句改为被动语态。1.He plants trees in spring.2.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.3.They make shoes in that factory.4.They bought ten computers last term． 5.Amy can take good care of Gina ． 6.We are painting the rooms.7.The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.8.They will send cars abroad by sea.9.Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.10.When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.主动语态变被动语态口诀： 宾语提前主语变，原主变宾by后见，时态人称be关键。
注意：把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。We have bought a new computer.A new computer ______ been bought.2.主语 谓语 间接宾语（sb.） 直接宾语（sth.）My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.I was given a present on my birthday.A present was given to me yesterday.注意：一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如：
bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。
一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 如：build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。
练习1：将下列句子变为被动语态。1）2）The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.练习2：在横线上填for 或者to.1）Mother made me a new skirt.(A new skirt was made _____ me.)2)The meat was cooked ______us.3)My bike was lent ____ her.4)Some country music was played _____ us.5)The cup with mixture was showed ______ the class.注意：有些既不用to 也不用for, 根据动词与介词的搭配关系。He asked me a question.(A question was asked of me.)People all over the world know the Great Wall.The Great Wall is known to people all over the world.(不 用by短语)3.主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语
带复合宾语(宾语 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。如： We always keep the classroom clean.→The classroom is always kept clean.She told us to follow her instructions.→We were told to follow her instructions.注意：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to 的问题。
We often hear him play the guitar.→He is often heard to play the guitar.注意：带有复合宾语的句子，如果宾语补足语是名词，变被动句时，应将宾语变为主语，不要误把宾语补足语的名词作主语。如： Tomatoes were first taken back to Europe and people called them love apples.误：Love apples were called them.正：They were called love apples.五、下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：
第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound, remain等。
— Do you like the material? — Yes, it feels very soft.误：It is felt very soft.The food tastes delicious.误：The food is tasted delicious.The pop music sounds beautiful.误：The pop music is sounded beautiful.第二，谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。如：
He entered the room and got his book.误：The room was entered and his book was got.She had her hand burned.误：Her hand was had burned.第三，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。
When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen.误：The sun had already been risen.After the earthquake, few houses remained.误：After the earthquake, few houses were remained.第四，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。如： The fire broke out in the capital building.误：The fire was broke out in the capital building.第五，宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v-ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语，如： I taught myself English.误：Myself was taught English.We love each other.误：Each other is loved.第六、有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。如：
The cloth washes easily.这布很好洗。The new product sells well.这新产品很畅销。The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写字很流畅。对比：
The books sell well.(主动句)The books were sold out.(被动句)The meat didn’t cook well.(主动句)The meat was cooked for a long time over low heat.(被动句)
六、特殊句式
在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表 示，例如：
据说……
It is said that …
据报导…… It is reported that …
据推测…… It is supposed that …
希望……
It is hoped that …
众所周知…… It is well known that …
普遍认为…… It is generally considered that …
有人建议…… It is suggested that …
1)It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow.2)It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.练习：1.变被动语态：
1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives ______ ______ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom______ _______ twice a month.3.I found the ticket on the floor.______ ______ ______ ______ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She ______ _______ to return the book in time.5.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He ______ _______ _______ _______ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _______ ______ ______ to help them.7.Did you plant many trees at this time last year? _______ ______ _______ _______ at this time last time? 8.Must we finish our work today? _______ our work______ _______ today? 10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _______ ________ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work.Most of the work _______ ________ by women in this factory.12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike ______ ______ _______ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _______ _______ ________ three times a day.14.The students study German in this school.German _______ ________ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question? ______ this question often _______ about _______ _______? 2.在横线上填写括号内所给动词的适当形式：
1)Teenagers should __________(allow)to go out at night.2)The telephone ___________(invent)by Bell.3)English ____________(speak)in China.4)The car ___________(make)in China.5)The room must ____________(clean)every day.3.选择正确答案
1.When I got to his office, I __________ that he_________ out.A.told, had been B.was told, was C.had told, was D.was told, had been 2.The vegetables didn’t taste very good.They ______ for too long.A.cooked B.were cooked C.had cooked D.had been cooked 3.The anti-Japanese war ______ in 1937 and it ______ eight years.A.was broken, lasted B.broke out, lasted C.break out, lasted D.broke out, was lasted 4.She was heard ________ an English song.A.to sing B.sing C.sang D.to be sang 5.These boxes are very heavy ___.A.be carried B.carry C.carried D.be carrying 6.The police found that the house ________ and a lot of things ________.A.had been broken into, has been stolen B.has broken into, has been stolen C.had been broken into, stolen D.has broken into, has stolen 7.Coal can ________ to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.A.have used B.used C.be used D.use 8.John has never dreamt of _________.A.taken to Athens B.taking to Athens C.be taking to Athens D.being taken to Athens 9.Nobody likes __________.A.laughed at B.laughing at C.being laughed at D.being laughed 10.The bridge ___________ will be completed next year.A.built B.being built C.is being built D.building 11.It is said that tigers ________ in Asia year after year.A.are being disappeared B.are disappearing C.will be disappeared D.will disappear 12.I’m going to Wuhan tomorrow.Do you have anything ____ to your mother? A.to take B.taken C.to be taken D.taking 13.Take it easy.There is nothing ______.A.to worry B.to be worried C.to be worried about D.to worry about 14.Your new computer will soon become outdated, because technology _______so fast.A.is developed B.is being developed C.has been developed D.will developed 15.I won’t go to the party unless _________.A.invited B.being invited C.be invited D.inviting 16.The problem ________ last week is very important.A.was discussed B.discussed C.being discussed D.be discussed 17.We should keep the animals from ________.A.be endangered B.endangering C.being endangered D.endangered 18.There are no rivers _______out of the Dead Sea.A.flowed B.flowing C.being flowed D.be flown 19.This place has been destroyed.So there is no bamboo ______ for pandas to feed on.A.left B.leaving C.leave D.be left 20.All the preparations for the task ________ , and we are ready to start.A.completed B.complete C.had been completed D.have been completed
练习题
1)It is said that a new robot ____by him in a few days.A)designed B)has been designed C)will be designed D)will have been designed 2)We are late.I expect the film ____by the time we get to the cinema.A)will already have started B)would already have started C)shall have already started D)has already been started 3)She will stop showing off if no notice____ of her.A)is taken B)takes C)will be taken D)has taken 4)Diamond ____in Brazil in 1971.A)is found B)has been found C)was found D)had been found 5)“Have you moved into the new flat?” “Not yet.The room ____.” A)has been painted B)is painted C)paints D)is being painted 6)My pictures ____until next Friday.A)won't develop B)aren't developed C)don't develop D)won' t be developed 7)Tim ____since he lost his job three weeks ago.A)had been unemployed B)was unemployed C)has been unemployed D)has unemployed 8)A great number of colleges and universities ____since 1949.A)has been establish B)have been established C)have established D)had been established 9)I'll have to push the car to the side of the road because we ____if we leave it here.A)would be fined B)will be fined C)will being fined D)will have been fined 10)“____two tickets for the new play at the Grand Theatre on Saturday.Shall we go and see it together?”
A)They have been given B)I have been given C)I am given D)They have given to me 11)The subject of these lectures ____by the lecture committee.A)is announced B)have been announced C)are announced D)has been announced 12)I found an aspirin bottle ____dropped on the floor of David's room.A)was B)had C)had been D)is 13)The goods ____when we arrived at the airport.A)were just unloading B)were just been unloading C)had just unloaded D)were just being unloaded 14)If one ____by pride, he will reject useful advice and friendly assistance.A)overcomes B)is overcome C)has been overcome D)overcome 15)Most environment problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them ____taken in the past.A)was not B)were not C)were not being D)had not been 16)You ought to have put the milk in the refrigerator, now ____sour.A)I smell B)it is smelt C)it smells D)it is smelling 17)After the race____, the celebration began.A)had been won B)is won C)will be won D)has been won 18)He was here for a little while, but I don't know where she ____now.A)is B)was C)had been D)has been 18)The young teacher has ____ competent.A)been proved to be B)proved to be C)been proved D)proved being 19)Pluto, the outermost planet of the solar system, ____photographically in March 1930.A)discovered B)was discovered C)by discovery D)when discovered 20)To get a better view of the stage, ____.A)our seats had to be changed B)our seats were changed C)we had to change our seats D)our seats were changed by us 22)After synthetic____, engineers had a better choice of material.A)created B)has created C)has been created D)had been created 23)I think much attention ____your pronunciation.A)must be paid to B)ought to be paid to C)must pay to D)should be paid to 24)Since 1970, millions of enthusiasts ____Vitamin C, which they believe can remedy the common cold.A)have taken B)have been taken C)have been taking D)have been taking 25)I don't remember ____the chance to try this method.A)having been given B)to have been given C)having given D)to have given 26)We could ask someone to do the work privately without it____.A)know B)be known C)being known D)to be known 27)The construction of the laboratory ____by the end of next month.A)must be completed B)must have been completed C)will be completing D)will have been completing 28)They would tell how the African ____on a ship to an American port.A)was brought B)could have been brought C)had been brought D)was to be brought 29)He does not possess a bicycle, this one he uses ____to Peter.A)is belonged to B)belonged C)belongs D)is belonging 30)Negotiation ____again with Moscow tomorrow, a great event will be discussed then.A)is to be opened B)is on the point of opening C)is going to open D)opens 31)The reason for all the changes being made ____to us yet.A)has not explained B)has not been explained C)did not explained D)were not explained 32)Experiments in the photography of moving objects ____in both the United States and Europe well before 1900.A)were conducting B)were conducted C)had been conducted D)had conducted 33)When he turned the corner, he found himself ____by a man in black.A)tailed B)been tailed C)was tailed D)had been tailed 34)A candidate for the democratic presidential nomination ____at this moment.A)is interviewing B)being interviewed C)is being interviewed D)interviewing 35)As we approached the work site, the workers were seen ____the new house.A)building B)build C)built D)to build 36)As we know, all the regulations in school ____.A)must keep to B)must be kept C)must keep D)must be kept up 37)The composition ____any more.A)need not to be corrected B)doesn't need to be corrected C)doesn't need be corrected D)need not correct 38)The bank is reported in the local newspaper ____in broad daylight yesterday A)to be robbed B)to have keen robbed C)robbed D)having been robbed 39)Hurry up, or the tickets ___out by the time we get there.A)will have sold B)will sell C)have sold D)will have been sold 40)He cleaned the glasses carefully for fear that it ____.A)was damaged B)should be damaged C)damaged D)would be damaged 用动词的正确时态填空
Our desks and chairs ________________(make)of wood.The paper of books and newspapers ______ also ___________(make)from wood.Even some kinds of cloth __________________(make)from it.Many people ____________(burn)wood to keep themselves warm in winter.Indeed, wood _______(be)important in our everyday life.Where ________
wood
__________
(come)
from?
It ________________(take)from trees which _____________(grow)in the mountains._________ you ____________(know)how it ____________(get)to us from the mountains? First of all, trees ___________(cut)down when they ______________(grow)big enough.Then their branches _______________
(cut)
off，and
logs _______________(make).These heavy logs ________________(put)together in different ways and _________________(take)down to the foot of the mountains.Some of them _________________(float使漂流)down the small rivers and others _________________(carry)down on trains.Big trees ________________(cut)down in the mountains every year.Then young ones ______________________(must, plant)so that we ______ always ________________(can, have)enough wood.We have to take good care of mountains so that they __________ always _________________(may, cover)with growing trees.被动语态部分练习题答案：
1)C 2)A 3)A 4)C 5)D 6)D 7)C 8)B 9)B 10)B11)D 12)C 13)D 14)B 15)B 16)C 17)A 18)A 19)B20)B 21)C 22)D 23)A 24)C 25)A 26)C 27)A 28)C29)C 30)A 31)B 32)C 33)A 34)C 35)A 36)B 37)B38)B 39)D 40)B)22
第四篇：英语：unit1《Friendship》教案2(新人教必修1)（精选）
Period 3 Learning about language Teaching aims: 1.To discover and learn to use some words and expressions.2.To enable students to rewrite sentences using direct or indirect speech 3.To learn more information about Anne.4.To cultivate the spirit of cooperation, self-teaching and self-exploring.Teaching procedures: Step 1 Revision 1.Review something about “Anne’s best friend” by using some True-or-False sentences 1)A friend would laugh at you.（）2)Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II.（）3)She and her family hid away for one year before they were discovered.（）4)She kept a diary as others did.（）
5)She was fond of nature.（）
6)She stayed awake in the night because she couldn’t sleep well.（）7)She couldn’t go out as she liked.（）2.Collect the sentences students think wonderful or difficult to understand.Sample sentences 1)She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.2)I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.3)There was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.4)The dark, rainy evening ,the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.5)It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.Step 2 Language points 1.grow crazy about sth.对…狂热,痴迷be crazy about …
eg.My cousin grows crazy about computer games.2.go through 1).To examine carefully 仔细阅读或研究
I went through the students’ papers last night.2).To experience 经历，遭受或忍受
You really don’t know what we went through while working on this project.3.stay
v.to continue to be in a particular state or situatioin 系动词，表是状态。后跟名词或形容词，不能用于被动语态和进行时态。eg.He stayed single all his life.4.make/call O Noun(as O.C.)5.hide away
6.discover
Columbus discovered America in 1492.7.set down: to write down something so that you have a record of it: I want to set down my feelings on paper.Other verbal phrases of “set”
set aside: to keep some money or time for a special purpose set off: to start to go somewhere/ to cause a explosion set out: to start a journey/ to talk about something in an organized way set up: to start an organization/ to build something 8.ourdoors / indoors Don’t stay indoors since the weather is so fine.9.well
They speak well of him.Well done.10 on purpose
I came here on purpose to see you.11 in order to
In order to catch the train , she hurried through her work.12 too much/ much too entirely
For him, this will be an entirely new hobby.14 in one’s power / out of one’s powers 15 it was the first/second time that …
It is the first time that he has been in this city.It was the second time that he had made the same mistakes 16 face to face
I rushed out of the office and found myself face to face with the boss.17.far
adv.“过于；…得多” ,表示程度，经常与too或形容词、副词的比较级连用。
eg.She speaks English far better than I.This room is far too warm.cf.very, much, far 18.dare 1)modal.v.多用于否定句、疑问句、条件状语从句、whether(if)等名词性从句或有否定意义的句中，后接动词原形。没有人称和数的变化,其时态只有现在时和过去时。否定式在其后加not.eg.How dare he say such a word!
If you dare do that again, you’ll be punished.2)vt.敢，胆敢。有人称、数和时态的变化。在否定句和疑问句中，dare后的to可保留也可省略。
eg.I wonder how he dare to day such words.19．happen to do sth.It so(just)happened that…不能用于进行时态。
eg.I happened to be out when he came.= It so happened that I was out when he came.
第五篇：语文：第二单元测试(新人教必修2)
高一语文第三单元测试题
说明：本试题分为一、二两卷，请把答案写在答题卡上。总分：100分 考试时间： 90分钟 第Ⅰ卷
一、选择题。每小题3分，共15分。
1.下列加点字的注音全都正确的一组是： A.渣滓（zǎi）战栗（lì）逡巡（qūn）懵懂（měng）．．．．B.耸身（sǒng）嗤笑（chǐ）濡养（rú）微蹙（cù）．．．．C.攥住（zuàn）海市蜃楼（shèn）呓语（yì）干瘪（biě）．．．．D.附丽（fù）粗糙（cào）差强人意（chāi）啼笑皆非（tí）．．．．
2.下列各组词语中有错别字的一组是：
A.淫佚 干涸 一蹶不振 万劫不复 B.锁屑 枷锁 席不暇暖 相濡以沫 C.瞳孔 希冀 因循守旧 玉树临风 D.承载 憧憬 吊儿郎当 生死攸关
3.下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一句是：
A.那本介绍学习方法的书出版后，受到中小学生和家长们的热烈欢迎，一时洛阳纸贵。．．．．B.科技发展带来的便利是不容分说的，千里之外的问候，只要一个短信，瞬间就能完成。．．．．C.假以时日，我们可以巧立名目，开发大批新颖别致的陆游项目，为景区再添光彩。．．．．D.学习了他的先进事迹后，我们每一个青年都应该追本溯源，看看自己做得如何。．．．．
4、依次填入下列各句横线上的词语，最恰当的一项是
①如果陈水扁冥顽不化，一意孤行，制造“台独”，必将给台湾人民带来深重灾难。
②政绩是一个干部在为人民服务的过程中，发挥自己的聪明才智所创造的。
③我 认为城市的标志性建筑一定能对整个城市的形象和经济有多大的改变，城市标志性建筑及其周围的交通环境能在一定程度上体现出城市的人文美学特征。A．事变 绩效 不是/但是 B．事端
业绩
不但/而且 C．事端 绩效 不但/而且 D．事变
业绩
不是/但是
5、下面横线上填入最恰当的句子应是： 百年以来，中国人曾被讥为一盘散沙。一时间内，它凝聚不起来，这不怨沙，而怨没有吸沙的磁盘。
A．其实，这是对中国人的污蔑 B．其实，中国人的心并不散
C．如果硬要比作沙，那么，中国人不是泥沙，而是铁沙 D．如果硬要比作沙，那么，总有一天它会凝聚成坚固的堡垒
二、默写。每空1分，共15分。
6．静女其娈。，说怿女美。7．。匪女之为美，美人之贻。
8．氓之蚩蚩，，来即我谋。9．士之耽兮，；女之耽兮。10．日月忽其不淹兮。11．惟草木之零落兮。12．劝君更尽一杯酒。13．洛阳亲友如相问。14．沉舟侧畔千帆过。15．近水楼台先得月。16．接天莲叶无穷碧。第Ⅱ卷
三、阅读下面一段文言文，并翻译划线的句子。（5分）
长沮、桀溺耦而耕。孔子过之，使子路问津焉。长沮曰：“夫执舆者为谁？”子路曰：“为孔丘。”曰：“是鲁孔丘与？”曰：“是也。”曰：“是知津矣。”问于桀溺。桀溺曰：“子为谁？”曰：“为仲由。”曰：“是孔丘之徒与？”对曰：“然。”曰：“滔滔者天下皆是也，而谁以易之？且而与其从辟人之士，岂若从辟世之士哉？櫌而不辍。子路行以告。夫子怃然曰：”鸟兽不可与同群，吾非斯人之徒与而谁与？天下有道，丘不与易也。” 17．孔子过之，使子路问津焉。（2分）
译文：。18．滔滔者天下皆是也，而谁以易之？（3分）
译文：
四、阅读理解（20分）
提醒幸福
①我们从小就习惯了在提醒中过日子。天气刚有一丝风吹草动，妈妈就说，别忘了多穿衣服。才结识了一位朋友，爸爸就说，小心他是骗子。你取得了一点成功，还没有乐出声来，所有关心你的人一起说，别骄傲！你沉浸在欢乐中的时候，自己不停地对自己说，千万不可太高兴，苦难也许马上就要降临„„
②我们已经习惯了提醒，提醒的后缀词总是灾祸。灾祸似乎成了提醒的专利，把提醒也染得充满了淡淡的贬义。
③我们已经习惯了在提醒中过日子。看的见的恐惧和看不见的恐惧始终像乌鸦盘旋在头顶。
④在皓月当空的良宵，提醒会走出来对你说：注意风暴。于是我们忽略了皎洁的月光，急急忙忙做好风暴来临前的一切准备。当我们睁大眼睛枕戈待旦之时，风暴却像迟归的羊群，不知在哪里徘徊。当我们实在忍受不了等待灾难的煎熬时，我们甚至会恶意期盼风暴早些到来。
⑤在许多夜晚，风暴始终没有降临。我们辜负了冰冷如银的月光。
⑥风暴终于姗姗地来了。我们怅然地发现，所做的准备多半是没用的。事先能够抵御的风险毕竟有限，世上无法预计的灾难却是无限的。战胜灾难靠的更多的是临门一脚，先前的惴惴不安都帮不上忙。
⑦当风暴的尾巴终于远去，我们回到凌乱的家园。气还没有喘匀，新的提醒有智慧地响起来，我们又开始对未来充满恐惧的期待。
⑧人生总是有灾难。其实大多数人早已练就了对灾难的从容，我们知识还没有学会灾难间隙的快活。我们太多注重了自己警觉苦难，我们太忽视了提醒我们幸福。
⑨请从此注意幸福！
⑩幸福也需要提醒吗？
⑾提醒注意跌倒„„提醒注意路滑„„提醒受骗上当„„提醒荣辱不惊„„先哲们提醒了我们一万零一次，却不提醒我们幸福。
⑿也许他们认为幸福不提醒也跑不了的。也许他们以为好的你自会珍惜，用不着谆谆告诫。也许他们太崇尚血与火，觉得幸福无足挂齿。他们总是站在危崖上，指点我们逃离未来的苦难。
⒀但避去苦难之后的时间是什么？ ⒁那就是幸福啊！
⒂享受幸福是需要学习的，当幸福即将来临的时刻需要提醒。人可以自然而然地学会感官的享乐，人却无法天生地掌握幸福的韵律。灵魂的快意同器官的舒适像一对孪生兄弟，时而南辕北辙。
⒃幸福是一种心灵的震颤。它像会倾听音乐的耳朵一样，需要不断的训练。
⒄简言之，幸福就是没有痛苦的时刻。它出现的频率并不像我们想象的那样少。人们常常只是在幸福的金马车已经过去很远，拣起地上的金鬃毛时说，原来我见过她。
⒅人们喜爱回味幸福的标本，却忽略幸福披着露水散发清香的时刻。那时侯我们往往步履匆匆，瞻前顾后不知在忙些什么。世上有预报台风的，有预报蝗虫的，有预报瘟疫的，有预报地震的，却没有人预报幸福。
19．为什么要提醒幸福？（3分）
20．在文中不止一次提到“幸福”，试分析笔下“幸福”有什么含义？（3分）
21．认为人生有灾难也有幸福，对待灾难和幸福应该各持什么态度？（4分）
22．第⑥自然段中加点的“临门一脚”，我们应该怎样理解？（5分）
23．第⒄自然段中“它出现的频率并不像我们想象的那样少”一句中，“它”指什么？为什么我们会感觉“那样少” ？（5分）
五、语言表达。（5分）
下面是名人巧答的故事，请试着替名人作答。
24．有一次，林肯正在擦皮靴，某外交官不无揶揄地问：“总统先生，你总是擦自己的靴子吗？”林肯不动声色地回答：“。”
六、作文
依依翠柳，郁郁繁花，嫩嫩春笋，茵茵小草„„万物被温暖照亮，生机勃勃，尽情展示大自然的绚丽。在青春旅途中，你也常被温暖照亮：眷眷亲情，殷殷师恩，醇醇友爱„„让你坎坷变坦途，郁闷变快乐，单调变精彩，蓬勃向上，纵情演义成长的浪漫。请以“被温暖照亮”为话题，写一篇文章。
要求：①写一篇记叙文，题目自拟。②500字左右。③ 要有自己的体验和感悟。④书写要规范、整洁。
高一语文第二单元测试题答案
一、选择题。每小题3分，共15分。
1、C（A 渣滓zǐ B 嗤笑chī D 差强人意chā 粗糙 cāo）
2、B（锁——琐）
3、A（洛阳纸贵：称颂杰出的作品风行一时。不容分说：分说指辩白，解说。不容人分辨解释，不容许分辨说明。巧立名目：变法儿定出些名目来达到某种不正当的目的。追本溯源：比喻追究事情发生的原因。）
4．D（事变:军事政治方面的重大变故。事端：事故，纠纷。绩效：成绩、成效 业绩：建立的功劳和完成的事业；重大的成就。）5．C
二、默写。每空1分。6．贻我彤管 彤管有炜 7．自牧归荑 洵美且异 8．抱布贸丝 匪来贸丝 9．犹可说也 不可说也 10．春与秋其代序 11．恐美人之迟暮 12．西出阳关无故人 13．一片冰心在玉壶 14．病树前头万木春 15．向阳花木易为春 16．映日荷花别样红
三、文言文阅读
17．孔子路过，让子路去询问渡口在哪里
18．像洪水一样的坏东西到处都是，你们同谁去改变它呢？
四、现代文阅读
19．人们总认为自己生活在痛苦之中，不珍惜自己已经拥有的幸福。
20．笔下的幸福是指没有痛苦的时刻。21．我们对待灾难要敢于面对它并且想方设法战胜它；对待幸福要充分珍惜并且要学会享受幸福，这样才能快乐相伴。22．“临门一脚”指当你处在幸福与灾难的边缘时，要敢于打破传统的观念，冲破阴霾，这样才能得到幸福。23．“它”指幸福。本来幸福并不少，但是人们习惯于提醒灾难，故而幸福显得少了许多。
五、语言表达
24．是啊，那你是经常擦谁的靴子呢？
