第一篇：with用法小结
with用法小结
一、with表拥有某物
Mary married a man with a lot of money.马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。
I often dream of a big house with a nice garden.我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。
二、with表用某种工具或手段
I cut the apple with a sharp knife.我用一把锋利的刀削平果。
Tom drew the picture with a pencil.汤母用铅笔画画。
三、with表人与人之间的协同关系
make friends with sb
talk with sb
quarrel with sb与……吵架
fight with sb与……打架
play with sb
work with sb years since we worked with each other, and I have never quarreled with him.自从我们一起工作以来，我和汤姆已经是十年的朋友了，我们从没有吵过架。
四、with 表原因或理由.这种语义的with多半与表示情绪的词连用.John was in bed with high fever.约翰因发烧卧床。
He jumped up with joy.他因高兴跳起来。
Father is often excited with wine.父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。
五、with 表“带来”，或“带有,具有”，”在…身上，在…身边”之意（相当于having, carrying）
The girl with golden hair looks beautiful.那个金头发的女孩看起来漂亮。
The famous director will come to the meeting with the leading actor and actress.那个有名的导演将带着男女主角来到会场。
Do you have money with you.身上带着钱吗？
Take the umbrella with you in case it rains.随身带伞，以防下雨。
注意：with ,about ,和in均可表示特征和属性.With表示属于人和物的显著特点;about表示附属于人或物不可捉摸的的特点;in表示附属与人或物的内部固有特点.﹡His uncle is an old man with a red nose.它的叔叔是位红鼻子老人。
﹡There is a certain charm about that man.那个人有某种魅力。
﹡There is something strange in him.他身上有点奇怪的地方。
六、with表想法，信念，态度与…一致
I agree with you on how to deal with it.关于此事如何处理，我同意你的看法。
七、with表示让步,“虽有,尽管”
With all his money and fame, he is not happy.有着钱和名誉，他还是不快乐。
With good teachers and warmhearted classmates, the new comer feels lonely.虽有着好老师和热心的同学，这个新来的还是感觉孤独。
八、with表同时，或同一方向，“随着”
The temperature of cold-blooded animals change with the temperature of the surroundings.冷血动物的体温随着周围的环境的改变而变化。
The big ship is sailing with the wind.这个大船正随风向航行。
And with the last words, she turned away.随着最后一句话说完，他转身离开了。
九．With后加上一个名词（多为表情绪的词），表示“。。。地”等情态意义，其作用相当于一个副词。with care =carefully ﹡with difficulty=difficultly ﹡with warmth=warmly﹡with curiosity=curiously ﹡ with pride=proudly
十、with的复合结构表行为方式或伴随情况
1、with n/pron adj.He left the room with the door open.门开着，他就离开了屋子。Don’t talk with your mouse full.嘴里满是东西时不要说话。
2、with n/pron adv.With the radio on ,grandma slept deeply in the chair.收音机开者，奶奶在椅子里沉沉的睡着。
With Tom away , I always feel lonely.汤母不在，我一直感觉孤独。
3、with n/pron done
The fellow stood there with his hands crossed.这个家伙两手交叉，站在那里。
The peasants have a good harvest with all the crops got in.庄稼都收割了，农民们有了一个好收成。
4、with n/pron to do
With this book to help you , you can finish your work as soon as possible.有这本书来帮忙，你能尽快完成工作。
With so many problems to settle ,the new manager was too worried to eat anything.有着太多问题要去处理，新经理担忧的吃不下任何东西。
5、with n/pron n
The old man looks down upon everyone ,with his son chairman of the company.因为他儿子是公司的主席，这个老头瞧不起任何人。
He was taken to hospital with his legs a mass of bleeding flesh.他被抬到医院，他的腿血肉模糊。
6、with n/pron 介词短语
The man left the meeting with a book in his hand.这个男人手里拿着书离开了会议。
The woman with a diamond necklace around the neck must be wealthy.那个脖子上带项链的女人一定很有钱。
十、with其他用法主要出现在一些常用词和习语中，记住其特定含义即可。如： It is a long time not to get in touch with Tom.很长时间没有和汤母取得联系了。
Down with imperialism.打倒帝国主义。
第二篇：it用法小结
小结(2022-12-08 15:57:31)
标签：教育
It用法小结
it在英语语法中属人称代词，意思是“它”，用来指人以外的一切生物和事物。它的用法不仅不简单，而且很复杂。
一、用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情。
一般指说话者心目中已经了解或所指的生物、无生命的东西或事情、没有性别的区分；可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词，在句子中既可做主语，也可以作宾语。1．指动物和植物。如：
—Oh，that's Lucy's hat．噢，那是露茜的帽子。
—It looks like a cat！它看上去像只猫！
Where's tea grown？It's grown in the southeast of China．
什么地方种植茶？中国东南部种植茶。2．指代一些无生命的东西。如： Is it your watch？这是你的手表吗？
Look at the rain！It's heavy，isn't it？看这雨！雨很大，对吗？ 3．代替上文提到过的整个事情。如：
Well，you mustn't play on the road．It's dangerous．哦，你不能在公路上玩。这太危险了！It was hard work，but they really enjoyed it．摘苹果是艰苦活，可他们都乐意去干（它）。
二、用于指代人。
1．指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人，常在打电话或敲门时用。如：
—Who was it？是谁（打来的电话）？ —Was it Susan？（打电话的）是苏珊吗？
—Yes，it was．是的，我是。（根据上下句，“it was”也可不译出来。）再如：—Who is knocking at the door？谁在敲门？
—It's me．是我。
2．指说话者心目中的那个人。如：
—Is it your sister，Kate？（那旧照片上的 baby）是你姐姐凯特吧？
—No！不是。
—Is it your brother？是你哥哥吧？
—No！不是。
—I know—it's you！我知道了，（那）是你。
3．指代性别不详的婴幼儿或在不计较性别时，也可用it来指人。如 The child smiled when it saw its mother．这小孩一见到母亲就笑了。I don't know who it is．我不知道他是谁。注意：看到这样的句子（或听到这样的话）时，要想一想，不要一看到it就把它译成“它”。）4．在回答用指示代词表示人的特殊问句时，常用it指人。如：
—Who's that？那人是谁？
—Is it Kate？是凯特吗？
—Yes，I think you're right．It's Kate．是的，我想你说对了，是凯特。
三、用于指时间、距离和自然现象等。1．表示时间。如：
—What time is it？几点钟？
—It's ten．十点钟。
It's summer in Australia now．现在澳大利亚是夏天。特别注意it用于表示时间时还常见于以下两个句型中：（1）It's time（for sb．）to do sth．／It's time for sth．译为“是（某人）该干„„的时间了”、“到„„的时候了”。如：
It's time for supper／to have supper．是吃晚饭的时候了。
I think it's time for us to start the lesson now．我想现在是我们开始上课的时候了。
（2）It is ／has been ＋时间段＋since ＋一般过去时。译为“自从„„以来已过了„„（时间）”。此结构可以与另一种句型进行同义句转换。如：
It has been two weeks since we met last．＝ Two weeks has passed since we met last．自从我们上次相遇以来，两个星期过去了。
It's three years since he came here．＝It has been three years since he came here．＝He has been here for three years．他到这里已经三年了。2．表示距离。如：
It's half an hour's walk from my home to the school．从我家到学校步行得花半小时时间。
—Where's the farm，Li Lei？Is it far？李雷，农场在哪里？远吗？
—No，it's quite near．不，（距）离这很近。3．表示自然现象。如：
Sometimes it snows and the land is all white．有时下雪，大地一片白。It is very quiet here at the moment．眼下这儿很安静。
四、用作形式主语。
英语中常常见到某个句子以it开头，it与其后面的动词不定式短语、动名词短语、名词性从句等相呼应，以表达一个完整的意义。这是一种习惯表达法，这样的句式可避免句子显得头重脚轻。
1．It＋is／was＋形容词＋（for／of sb．）＋动词不定式短语。对于这个句型中究竟用 for还是用of，一般遵循这样的规则：如果形容词仅仅是描述事物的形容词，如：difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous等用for；如果形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如：kind，good，nice，clever等则用of。如：
It is interesting to play with snow in winter． 冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。
It's important for us to keep the water clean．保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。It's very kind of you to say so．你这样说真是太好了。注意：这一句式中的形容词位置也可换用名词；连系动词be也可换用其它连系动词，如feel等。如：
It's a good habit to get up early and go to bed early．早睡早起是好习惯。
It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship．乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。It feels strange to have a twin sister．有个孪生姐妹感觉很奇怪。2．It ＋will be／is ／was ＋形容词＋动名词短语。如： It's bad playing in the street．在街上玩是没好处的。Is it any good trying again？再试一次有用吗？ 3．It＋is／was＋形容词＋从句。如：
It is certain that he will come．他一定会来。It's true that he may fall behind the other students．他真的可能落后于其他同学。It is strange that he should say so．他居然这么说，真是奇怪。
4．It ＋is ／was ＋one's turn（duty，pleasure）＋to do sth．意为“该轮到某人做某事（做某事是某人的责任、愉悦的事）”。如：
It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow．明天轮到你值日了。5．It takes（sb．）some time to do sth．意为“（某人）花„„时间做某事”。如 It took me a week to finish reading the book．我花了一周时间看完这本书。
6．It ＋cost／costs ＋sb．＋some money ＋to do sth．译为“某人花多少钱做某事”。如： It cost me 260 yuan to buy the new watch．我买这块新手表花了260元。7．It seems ／seemed ＋从句。译为“看起来好像„„”，此结构可以转换成“seem ＋动词不定式”形式。如：
It seems that he is ill．＝He seems to be ill．看起来他好像病了。
[原题再现] ①________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It ② In fact________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A.this B.that C.there D.it 答案: ① D ② D
五、用作形式宾语。
当句子的真正宾语是动词不定式、动名词或从句时，为避免句子头重脚轻，须将其放在宾语补足语之后，改用先行词it占据其原来的位置。it用作形式宾语的句型为：主语＋谓语＋it＋宾语补足语＋动词不定式／动名词／从句。该句型中宾语补足语可由形容词、名词等充当。如：
He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well．他发现学好一门外语是不容易的。We think it no good reading in bed．我们认为躺在床上看书无益处。I think it necessary that we have the meeting．我认为开这个会是必要的。[原题再现] Don't ________that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A.take as granted
B.take this for granted C.take that for granted
D.take it for granted 答案: D
六.构成强调句。如：
It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning.今天早晨，就是在街上我看见李明。[原题再现] ________was in 1979________I graduated from university.A.That;that B.It;that C.That;when D.It;when 答案: B 七.构成特殊句式。如：
It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow.【练习】
（1）There is a photo on the wall.____ the photo of Lei Feng.A.It B.Its C.It's D.He（高考，1980)（2)Is＿necessary to tell his father everything? A.it B.that C.what D.he(MET1987)(3)Is＿possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? A.now B.man C.that D.it(4)I consider____ my duty to help you． A.it B.this C.that D.its(5).It was at four o'clock in the afternoon ____ he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan.A.while B.that C.when D.as 答案：(1)C(2)A(3)D(4)A(5)B(6)．I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.（2022全国I）A.this B.that C.it D.one(7).-Do you like ___ here?-Oh，yes.The air，the weather，the way of life.Everything is so nice.（2022全国II）A.this B.these C.that D.it(8)．The Parkers bought a new house but ____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.which(9).I hate___ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.these D.them(10).Joan had often heard____ said that Marley had no money.A.it B.this C.that D.one 答案：C D B A A
八、it, one和that作替代词的用法及区别
it, one和that虽然都可以用来替代前面所提到的一个单数名词,以避免重复,但在具体用法上却有不同。简述如下: 1.it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。[原题再现] The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ______? A.did they B.didn't they C.did it D.didn't it 答案: D 2.one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。[原题再现]-Why don't we have a little break?-Didn't we just have________? A.it B.that C.one D.this 答案: C 3.that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。[原题再现] Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.A.some B.any C.that D.those 答案: C
高考“it”的用法英语题
历届高考英语单项选择题精选
（一）“it”的用法
1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?
A.that
B.while
C.in which
D.then
(88)2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A.this
B.that
C.it
D.he
(89)3.I dont think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.this
B.that
C.its
D.it
(91)4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time? A.this
B.that
C.he
D.it
(91)5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when , that B.until , that C.until , that D.when , then
(92)6.I was disappointed with the film.I had expected ______ to be much better.A.that
B.this
C.one
D.it
(93)7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.A.while
B.which
C.that
D.since
(94)8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There
B.This
C.That
D.It
(95)9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.A.until
B.that
C.then
D.so
(97)10.I hate _____ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it
B.that
C.these D.them
(98)11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.one
B.that
C.what
D.it
(2000)KEYS: 1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11 B
’
第三篇：as用法小结
as虽小，功能强大
as是英语中意义广泛、用法灵活且复现率极高的词, 每年高考命题和其他各级命题都会从不同角度对其进行考查。它在词性上有介词、连词和代词等，主要有以下用法。
一、作介词
表示“作为，当作；以„„身份”，其后常接名词。
例如：Johnson works as a doctor.约翰逊（的职业）是个医生。
I like him as a person, but I don’t think much of him as s writer.作为一个普通人，我是喜欢他的，但是作为一名作家，我对他的评价并不高。
Wang Baoqiang’s talents as a film actor were soon recognized.作为电影演员，王宝强的天才很快得到了赏识。
【注意】as和like都可以作介词，但意义不同。as表示“以实际的身份或地位”，like则表示“与„„相似，以与„„相类似的方式”。
例如：He has been playing tennis as a professional for five years.(= he is a professional)他作为一名职业选手已经打了五年网球了。
He plays tennis like a professional.(= he is not a professional but he plays as well as a professional)他打网球就像职业选手一样。
二、作连词
as作连词时，用法比较多，可以引导时间状语从句、原因状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句等。
（一）as引导时间状语从句
表示主句和从句的动作同时发生，并具有延续的含义，意思是“正当„„的时候；随着„„”。
例如：Tom caught sight of Jenny as he was getting off the train.正当汤姆下火车的时候，他看见珍妮了。
As the election approaches, the situation in Libya is getting worse and worse.随着大选的临近，利比亚局势越来越糟糕。
【注意】as与when，while都是引导时间状语从句的从属连词，含义都是“当„„的时候”。但它们有区别：as和when引导的从句可以表示一个短暂性的动作，也可以表示一个持续性的动作；用when时，从句的动作可以与主句的动作同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作发生；但若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况时，一般用as，表示“随着……”。用while时，主句动作与从句动作同时进行或在从句动作过程中发生，从句动词必须是延续性的。
（二）as引导原因状语从句
as一般放在句首，语气较弱，较口语化。
例如：As she has no car, she can’t get the station easily.因为她没有车，去车站不容易。As it is raining, we shall not go the park.由于天在下雨，我们不去公园了。
【注意】as和because，since都可以表示因果关系，但它们有区别：because表示的语气最强，当用于由why提问的句子回答时，必须用because作答；since常常用在书面语中，表示多为对方已知的、或稍加分析便可得知的原因，有时可译作“既然”。
例如：Tom was absent from the opening ceremony because he was ill.因为他生病了，汤姆没有参加开幕式。
--Why can’t I go skiing? 为什么我不能去？--Because you’re too young.因为你太年轻了。
He must have shut the door since he was the last one to leave.他肯定关门了，因为他是最后一个离开的。Since you can’t answer the question, perhaps we’d better ask someone else.既然你不能回答这个问题，我们也许该问问别人。
（三）as引导让步状语从句
as所表示的语气较强，意思是“虽然”，它引导的让步状语从句用倒装语序。倒装语序主要有以下三种形式：
1.形容词或副词 as 主语 （连系动词）be或实义动词。
例如：Rich as he is, he never spends a cent on clothes.虽然他很富有，但他从不花一分钱买衣服。
Much as I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely.我虽然佩服他的勇气，但我认为他这样做是不明智的。
Hard as I studied, I couldn’t catch up with others in class.我虽然努力学习，但赶不上班里其他同学。
2.名词 as 主语 （连系动词）be(注意：句首的名词不带冠词)。
例如：Child as he is, he knows a lot about physics.尽管他是个孩子，但对物理知道不少。3.实义动词 as 主语 助动词，如果没有助动词，则要加上一个do(does或did。例如：Try as he may, he never succeeds.尽管他很努力，但总是不成功。
Search as they would here and there, they could find nothing in the room.尽管到处寻找，但他们在房子里找不到任何东西。
【注意】这种倒装结构中，as可以用though替换，但是不能用although，在运用时要特别注意。
（四）as引导方式状语从句
意思是“如”，“像”，“按照„„的方式”。例如：Remember, you must do everything as I do.记住，你必须按照我做的那样做一切。
（五）as…as…的用法
as...as…意为“和„„一样„„”，表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词。其肯定结构为：as adj./ adv. as…；否定结构为：not as/so adj./ adv. as…。
例如：This film is as interesting as that one.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。He can speak English as fluently as a native.他说英语和当地人一样流利。
This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。【注意】若有修饰成分，如twice, three times, half, a quarter等，则须置于第一个as之前。例如：Your car is twice as expensive as mine.你的汽车比我的贵一倍。
三、作代词
as作代词时，常用于引导定语从句，主要有以下结构： 1.用于the same...as，such...as等结构中
例如：This is the same book as I read last week.这本书和我上周读的那本是一样的。I don’t like such books as he recommends.我不喜欢他推荐的那些书。2.用于“so/as adj. a/an n.(单数) as”结构中
The man is not so/as healthy a man as he was.那个人已经没有从前那么健康了。3.as引导非限制性定语从句时，所指代的内容通常指整个结构；在句子中位置比较灵活，可以在句首、句中或句末。
例如：She is late, as is often the case.她迟到了，这是经常的事。(先行词是整个主句)To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is foolish.视而不见是愚蠢的，好多人都是如此。(先行词是不定式短语)David, as you know, is a famous actor.你是知道的，大卫是著名的演员。【注意】当修饰句子的非限制性定语从句位于句末时，as可以用which来替代。但是，当as从句位于句首或句中时，as就不能用which来替代了。
例如：I live a long way from work, as(which)you know.我住得离工作单位很远，这你是知道的。
As you will find out, I will never let you down.你将会发现，我绝不会使你失望的。Taiwan, as you know, is an inseparable part of China.你们知道，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。
【注意】as引导非限制性定语从句时，常用于一些固定结构中。如：as we all know/as is known to all大家都知道；as is often the case情况就是这样；as is said/mentioned above/as has been said before如上所述；as can be seen大家看到；as is/was expected/as we expect正如预料；as I can remember我能记住
四、与as相关的固定搭配
as good as差不多，几乎；和„„一样好
as soon as 一„„就„„ as long as只要
as well as同(一样也)；和；还 as far as I’m concerned 据我所知 as if／as though似乎；好像
such…as, such as像„„这样的；比如 as to关于某事物；提到某事物 so as to...为了
as a matter of fact其实；实际上
as a result，as a result of由于„„的结果
总之，as虽小，功能却很强大。通常考查其和when, while, since, though, although, which等的辨析以及词组as far as, as soon as, as long as, as well as, as if/though等的用法。通过以上的分析，我们对as的词性和用法有了比较全面的理解和把握，在实际的运用中就能做到心中有数，应付自如。
第四篇：there be 用法小结
there be 用法小结
1.基本结构
There be 主语 地点/ 时间状语。如：
There is a computer in the room.房间里有一台电脑。
There are two TV plays every evening.每晚有两场电视剧。2.主谓一致
要采取就近一致原则，和靠近be 的主语一致。如：
There is a pen, two rulers in the box.盒子里有一只钢笔，两把尺子。
There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate.门口有两个男孩，一个老师。3.主语后的动词形式
在there be 句型中，主语与动词是主动关系时用现在分词；是被动关系时用过去分词。如：
There is a purse lying on the ground.地上有一个钱包。
There are five minutes left now.现在还有5分钟。4.反意疑问句。
反意疑问句应与 there be 对应，而不是依据主语。如：
There is a radio on the table, isn't there? 桌子上有一台收音机，是吧？
There are more than fifty classes in your school, aren't there? 你们班有50多名学生，是吧？
5.there be 与 have 的替换
there be 表示所属时可与 have 替换。
There is nothing but a book in my bag.= I have nothing but a book in my bag.包里只有一本书。
6.there be 后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：
There is a lot of work to do.有许多工作要做。
注意：当该句型主语是 something, anything, nothing 等不定代词时，后面的不定式用主动形式或被动形式，意义各不同。
There is nothing to do.没有事可做。
There is nothing to be done.没有办法(束手无策)。7.与其它词连用，构成复合谓语。如：
There may be a rain this afternoon.今天下午可能有雨。
There used to be a cinema here before the war.战争之前，这儿有一家电影院。8.变体
there be 结构中的 be 有时可用 live, stand, remain 等代替。如：
Once there lived a king who cared more about new clothes than anything else.从前有位国王喜欢新服胜过别的任何东西。
9.习惯用语
There is no good /use(in)doing sth.做某事没有好处/用处； There is not a moment to lose.一刻也不能耽误。例如：
There is no good making friends with him.和他交朋友没有什么好处。
He is very ill.Send him to hospital.There's not a moment to lose.他病得厉害，把他送到医院去，一刻也不能耽误。
There be表示存在的“有”，他有各种时态，如: 一般现在时：there is/are；一般过去时：therewas/were 一般将来时：there will be；过去将来时：there would be； 现在完成时：there has/have been；过去完成时：there had been 要特别注意be going to 在there be 句型中的运用。例如：
There is going to be a film in the meeting hall.学校礼堂里将有一场电影。还可扩展为许多其它句型，下面笔者对There be句型的扩展作一归纳。一There be 主语
这种句式表示事物的客观存在,There be放在句首,而把真正的主语放在后面,可以用来表示现在时、过去时、完成时和将来时。例如: There is a boy on the playground.操场上有个男孩。There has been a lot of rain this month.这个月雨水很多。There will be an announcement soon.不久会发布告。
二，There are n（复数名词/不可数名词） and n（复数名词/不可数名词）该句型表示同一类人或物的不同性质，尤其表示有好坏优劣之分，意为“有各种各样的”、“种种不一”等。如：
There are friends and friends.朋友有种种，有益友，有损友。There is tea and tea.茶叶有好有差。三 There be 名词 分词
这种句式中分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。doing表示动作和前面名词有主谓关系，过去分词done和前面名词有被动关系。如： There is a man sitting on the fence.有个人正坐在篱笆上。There was a car stolen last night.昨晚有辆车被偷了。这种句式可以用“主语 be 分词”这一结构来代替。例如: There is a boy playing with a puppy in the yard.(= A boy is playing witha puppy in the yard.)一个男孩正在院子里和一只小狗玩耍。
There has been more money spent on armaments than on famine relief.(=More money has been spent on armaments than on famine relief.)花在军备上的钱比花在救灾上的钱还多。四，There be 名词 动词不定式
这种句式中的及物动词(动词不定式)也可改成被动式, 意为“(没)有……要做”。例如: There is a lot of work to do(to be done).有许多工作要做。There was no time to wait for you.没有时间再等你了。
注意：There is nothing to do与There is nothing to be done.含义不同。前者意为:“无事可做”,后者意为“没有办法”。试比较: There is nothing to do-I'm bored.无事可做--我感到闷得慌。(=There is nothing to entertain me.)没有什么活动来消遣。
There is nothing to be done-we'll have to buy another one.没有办法--我们只好另外买一个了。(= There is no way off putting it right.)五 There is no 动名词
这种句式可与“It is impossible 动词不定式”替换,意为“无法做某事”。例如: There is no stopping him.(=It is impossible to stop him.)无法阻止他。There is no guessing what will happen.无法猜到将会发生什么。六，There is(no)need for 名词 该句式意为“(不)需要……”。例如: There is no need for anxiety.不需要担心。
There is a great need for a book on this subject.非常需要有一本关于这个题目的书。
七，There is no need 动词不定式.例如: There is no need for him to come.不需要他来了。
There is no need(for you)to start yet.(你)现在还没有必要动身。八，There is no use 动名词
该句式可与“It is no use 动名词”互换,意为“……无用(无济于事)”。例如: There is no use waiting any longer.(=It is no use waiting any longer.)再等下去是没有用的。
There is no use(in)offering the olive branch now.现在想和解也无济于事了。九，There is nothing / not anything like… 该句型中“nothing/ not anything like…”相当于“nothing / not anything better / more suitable than…”，意为“没有什么比……更好/更合适/更有效了”。如：
There is nothing like a book for taking you out of yourself.没有什么比书更能使你解脱自己了。There is nothing like walking as a means of keeping fit.作为保持健康的方法,没有什么比散步更好的了。十，There is nothing more...than 该句式意为“再……不过了”。例如: There is nothing more dangerous than an illusion of security.太平无事的想法是再危险不过的了。
十一，There is no(not any)point in 动名词 该句式意为:“……是没有意义(思)的。”例如: There is no point in doing so.这样做是没有意义的。
There is not any point in harping on the same old tune.没有必要再重复这一套。十二，情态动词及ought to，have to，used to用在there be结构中。例如: There must be something wrong with the machine，for it doesn’t run well.机器一定出了毛病，因为他运转不正常。
There oughtn’t to be too great a difference in our views.我们的看法不应该存在太大的分歧。
There might be some good songs after all this trash.在播放了这些乱七八糟的歌曲之后,可能会放几首好歌。
If the power hadn't been cut off so quickly, there could have been a big fire.要不是迅速切断电源,可能会引发一场大火。十三,There is a possibility of(或that)该句式表示“有可能”。例如: There is a possibility of my going to Denmark.(= There is a possibility that I may be able to go to Denmark.)我有可能去丹麦。十四, There 人称代词 come(go)/there come(go) 名词
该句式是there作感叹词放在句首。如果主语是人称代词,则动词放在其后;如果主语是名词,则动词放在其前。例如: There they come!他们来了!There comes the bus at last!公共汽车终于来啦!十五,.There 动词 这种句式只限于表示存在某种状态、发生某种事或某事、某人到达等动词,意义比there be 结构格更为生动贴切。如live,lie seem,appear,happen tand,exist,arise,enter,come,go,remain，exist,rise,occur,flow,arrive,enter,follow等。而不适用于表示一般具体行动的动词。例如: Many years ago，there lived an emperor who cared more for clothes than for anything else.许多年前有位皇帝热衷于漂亮的衣服胜过其他东西。There stands a tall building across the river over there.河对面耸立着一幢高层建筑物。There goes the bell.铃响了。
There comes a knock at the door.有人敲门。
There remains one question to be discussed.还剩一个问题要讨论。There seems to be something wrong about it.这事好像有点儿不大对头。There appears to be no one who can answer this question.看来没人能够回答这个问题。
There will follow an interval of five minutes.随后将有五分钟的休息。
十六，There are/is certain（sure，likely）to be该结构的意义为肯定有/可能有。例如：
Thereare like to be more difficulties than you were prepared for。很可能会遇到你预想不到的困难。There are sure to be a restaurant some where。某处肯定有个饭店。十七，There be ed分词 to be常用动词有：say，expect，believe，consider，think，mean，构成信息来源模糊表达式。例如： There is/are said to be a number of wounded on both sides。据说双方都有不少受伤。
There is/are expected to be an exciting film next week。预计下周有一步精彩电影上演。
十八v there to be该结构中的动词往往是：expect, want, intend, mean, consider, like, hate, prefer等接不定式做宾语的动词。如：
We don’t want there to be any students falling behind.我们不想有任何学生落后。
I should prefer there tobe no disscusion。我希望没有讨论。动词let后接there be 做宾语补足语。如： Let there be no mis under standing。不要产生误会。
十九There being/having been是独立主格结构，在句中作状语。如： There having been no rain for a long time, the ground was burned black by the sun.好长时间未下雨，大地都给太阳烤焦了。
二十There（not）being/there（not）having been用作ing分词的复合结构在句中做主语或宾语。例如：
There being a bus stop so near the house is an advantage。（做主语）公共汽车站离家这末近是一很有利的条件。I dreamed of there being a holiday tomorrow。我梦想明天有一假日。二十一，for ther to be 为不定式复合结构例如： For there to be no late comers was unusual。没人迟到这是不寻常的事。
It is not cold enough for there to be frost。天还不够冷不足以有霜冻。
二十二，There is nothing for it but to do sth 该句型相当于“There is no choice but to do sth”，意为“别无他法，只能……”。如：
There is nothing for it but to do what is required.只能按要求去做了，别无他法。（=I have no choice but to do what it required.）
第五篇：with用法小结
with用法小结
一、with表拥有某物
I often dream of a big house with a nice garden.我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。
二、with表用某种工具或手段 Tom drew the picture with a pencil.汤母用铅笔画画。
三、with表人与人之间的协同关系 make friends with sb.和某人交朋友
play with sb.和某人玩
I want to make friends with Tom.我想和Tom交朋友。
四、with 表原因或理由 He jumped up with joy.他因高兴跳起来。
Father is often excited with wine.父亲常因酒而变的兴奋。
五、with 表“带来”，或“带有,具有”，在…身上，在…身边之意 The girl with golden hair looks beautiful.那个金头发的女孩看起来漂亮。
Do you have money with you ？
身上带着钱吗？
Take the umbrella with you in case（in case 以防）it rains.随身带伞，以防下雨。
六、with的复合结构表行为方式或伴随情况
1、with n/pron adj.He left the room with the door open.门开着，他就离开了屋子。
2、with n/pron. adv.With the radio on, grandma slept deeply in the chair.收音机开着，奶奶在椅子里沉沉的睡着。
3、with n/pron. done The boy stood there with his hands crossed.这个男孩两手交叉，站在那里。
4、with n/pron. to do With so many problems to settle, the new manager was too worried to eat anything.有着太多问题要去处理，新经理担忧的吃不下任何东西。
5、with n/pron. n The old man looks down upon everyone, with his son chairman of the company.因为他儿子是公司的主席，这个老头瞧不起任何人。
6、with n/pron. 介词短语
The man left the meeting with a book in his hand.这个男人手里拿着书离开了会议。
