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译林版普通普通高中英语第一册知识1
Back to school
1.potential n.潜能;可能性adj.潜在的,可能的potential for(doing)sth(做)某事的可能性/潜在性
potential to do sth有潜力做某事
realize/achieve one’s potential发挥某人的潜力
2.senior adj.中学的;级别高的;高级水平的;老年的n.级别(或地位)较高者;较……年长的人;高水平运动员
be superior to 比……优越(更好、强)
be inferior to低于,不如……,在……之下
be senior to...比……年长(资深)
be junior to...比……年轻(资浅),级别低于……
3.face a challenge面临挑战
meet the challenges of迎接……的挑战
accept/take up a challenge接受挑战
challenge sb(to sth)向某人挑战(某事)
4.spare no effort to do sth不遗余力做某事
make an effort to do sth努力做某事
in an effort to企图(努力想);试图要
without effort毫不费力
5.advance on/upon/towards朝……前进
in advance预先;提前(指事先)
in advance of在……前面;超过……
make advances in在……方面取得进步
6.in amazement 震惊;惊讶
be amazed at因/对……感到惊奇/吃惊
to one’s amazement令某人吃惊的是;出乎某人意料;使某人惊奇的是
7.confident adj.自信的;确信的confidently adv.自信地;安心地
build up one’s confidence树立信心
have confidence in对……有信心
8.make good use of好好利用
make full use of充分利用
make the best of充分利用
make little use of几乎不利用;不充分利用
I make little use of my own food.我不太会做饭
9.have an advantage over在……有优势
have the advantage of...有……的优势
to one’s advantage对某人有利;有利于
10.an attitude to/towards 对……的态度
have/adopt/take a(n)...attitude to/towards sb/sth对某人/事抱着……的态度
11.work towards a goal争取达到目标
realize/reach/achieve/attain a goal达到目标
set a goal设定目标
12.keep/lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡
keep a balance(between A and B)(在A与B之间)保持平衡
balance A against B权衡/比较A和B
keep a balanced diet保持均衡的饮食
13.be of importance=be important重要的be of help=be helpful有帮助的be of use=be useful有用的be of value=be valuable 有价值的be of benefit=be beneficial有益的14.focus on...集中于……
focus one’s attention/eyes/energy on...集中注意力/目光/精力于……
the focus of attention/concern注意力/关注的焦点
15.in progress在进行中
make progress in在……方面取得进步/取得进展
16.base...on/upon...把……建立在……基础之上
be based on/upon以……为基础;依据……
17.break down出故障;失败;垮掉;分解
break in 破门而入;打断(谈话等)
break out(战争、火灾等)爆发;发生(无被动语态)
break away from 脱离;挣脱
break up打碎;分裂;解体;分拆;分解;驱散;分手;结束
18.remind sb of...提醒某人……;使某人想起……
remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事
remind(sb)that/how/what...提醒(某人)……;使某人想起……
19.pay sb for sth付钱给某人作为……的费用
pay for sth为……付费/吃苦头/受惩罚
pay back还钱;报复
pay a price for...为……付出代价
20.propose to do/doing sth打算做某事
proposal for sth对某事的建议
proposal to do sth做某事的建议
21.achieve one’s aim 达到某人的目的;实现某人的目标
take aim at向……瞄准
with the aim of以……为目标;意在……
aim at doing sth/aim to do sth意欲/企图/力求做某事
be aimed at目的是;旨在aim for瞄准;以……为目标地
22.intend doing/to do sth打算做某事
intend sb to do sth打算让某人做某事
be intended to do sth/for sth专门为……;专门给……
with an/the intention of抱有……的目的;打算……
had intended to do sth/intended to have done sth本来打算做某事
intend that...(should)do sth打算/主张……
23.in exchange(for...)作为交换(……)
exchange...for...用……交换……
exchange sth with sb与某人交换某物
make an exchange 交换
24.contribute sth to...把某物捐献给……
contribute to有助于;导致;投稿
25.be fortunate to do sth/in doing sth有幸做某事
unfortunately adv.不幸的是
fortune n.财产;大笔的钱;机会;运气
seek/try one’s fortune 找出路;碰运气
make a fortune发财;赚钱
have the good fortune to do sth有幸做某事
misfortune n.不幸
26.attract one’s attention引起某人的注意
attractive adj.吸引人的;有吸引力的译林版普通普通高中英语第一册知识2
Let’s talk teens
1.battle for为了……而斗争
battle against/with与……作斗争
half the battle成功了一半;胜利大有希望
2.birth rate出生率
unemployment rate 失业率
heart rate心率
the success/failure rate成功率/失败率
at a rate of以……的速度
3.on the spot马上,当场;在现场
a white cat with brown spots带褐色斑点的白猫
a few spots of blood一些血渍
a quiet spot on the beach海滩上一个安静的地方
4.set a target确定目标
meet/achieve/reach a target完成/达到目标
a target area/audience/group目标范围/观众/群体
hit/miss the target中/脱靶
target sth以……为目标
be targeted at 目的;旨在;针对
5.(1)have a desire to do sth=desire to do sth渴望做某事
have a desire for=desire for渴望
desire that sb(should)do sth渴望某人做某事
(2)desired adj.要求的;想要的the desired effect预期的效果
6.struggle for 为……而斗争
struggle with/against sb/sth与……作斗争
struggle to do sth努力做某事
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
7.calm oneself 使自己镇静
calm sb 使某人镇静下来
calm down安静下来
stay/keep/remain calm保持镇静
8.view...as...把……视为……
be viewed as被视为
in view of鉴于;由于
in one’s view在某人看来
get/have a good view of...观看……视野很好
9.show concern for对……关注
as far as sb/sth be concerned就……而言;在……看来
be concerned about/for担心;关心
10.argument n.争论,辩论;论据
arguable adj.可论证的;可疑的argue with sb about/over sth与某人争论某事
argue sb into doing sth说服某人做某事/接受某种意见
argue sb out of doing sth说服某人不做某事/打消某种念头
argue against 反驳
argue for 赞同;主张
11.design sth to do sth为了做……而设计……
be designed for为……而设计
12.be likely to do sth有可能做某事
It is/was likely that...很有可能……
not likely不可能
unlikely adj.不可能的13.performer n.表演者
perform vt.表演;演出;表现;做;执行;履行
perform magic tricks表演魔术
perform well/badly表现好/差
perform an experiment/a ceremony做实验/举行仪式
perform an operation做手术
perform a task执行任务
perform an important role in在……发挥重要作用
14.be eager for sth渴望某物
be eager to do sth渴望做某事
15.open/close an account开立/结清账户
give an account of描述
account for是……的原因;解释;(数量上、比例上)占
16.airport/hotel security机场/旅馆的安全措施
a sense of security安全感
for security reasons 出于安全考虑
job/financial security工作/经济保障
17.gather together聚集起来,合拢
gather round/around聚集,集合gather in收割,收获
gather speed/force加快速度/加大力量
18.(1)volunteer to do sth自愿做某事
volunteer for sth自愿做某事
(2)voluntary adj.自愿的;志愿的19.the scene of the accident/attack/crime 事故/袭击/犯罪现场
at/on the scene在现场;到现场
20.(1)make a/no response to对……做出/未做回应
in response to 对……做出回应
(2)respond vi.回答;作出反应
respond to对……做出回应
译林版普通普通高中英语第一册知识3
Getting along with others
1.recover from...从……中恢复
recover oneself某人恢复知觉
recover sth重新获得/找回某物
recovery n.恢复;复苏;痊愈
make a recovery from...从……中恢复
2.(1)respond to sth对……作出反应/回答
(2)response n.回答,响应,反应
in response to...作为对……的反应
make a quick response to...对……作出很快的反应
responsible adj.有责任的;可依靠的;负责的be responsible for sth/sb对……负责
3.(1)at a loss不知所措,困惑
(2)lose v.丢失;损失,丧失
lose face丢脸
lose weight减肥
(3)lost adj.丢失的,丧失的;迷失的be lost in陷入……
4.(1)judge...from...根据……判断……
judging from/by...根据……判断
(2)judgment n.判断,判决书
make a judgment 作判断
(3)judging by/from 为独立主格结构作状语,此处的judging 一般不用judged形式。
5.apologize(to sb)for(doing)sth因(做)某事(向某人)道歉
apologize for oneself为自己辩解或辩护
accept sb’s apology 接受某人的道歉
owe sb an apology应向某人道歉
make an apology to sb for sth因某事向某人道歉
6.behave well/badly to/towards sb对某人表现好/差
behave oneself守规矩,表现得体
He is now better behaved.他现在表现得更好了。
7.(1)in case 万一,以防万一
in case of...假使……/万一……
in any case无论如何,总之
in this/that case如果这样/那样的话,在这种/那种情况下
in no case 决不
in the case of...就……来说
as is often the case这是常有的事
as the case may/might be看情况,视情况而定
8.out of ignorance 出于无知
ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的be ignorant of 不了解;不知情
9.suffer from遭受;患病
suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏
suffering n.痛苦;苦恼;让人痛苦的事
sufferer n.患难者;患病者
温馨提示
(1)suffer指抽象的损害、痛苦等,如:suffer pain/defeat/losses/the result/sideeffects“遭受痛苦/失败/损失/(承受)结果/副作用”。
(2)suffer from常加具体的表示不幸或痛苦的名词,如:遭受战争、自然灾害、疾病带来的痛苦。
10.count on/upon=depend/rely on/upon依赖,依靠
count on sb to do sth依靠/指望某人做某事
count...in把……包括在内
count...out不包括
count sb/sth as/to be...把某人/物看作……
count up=add up把……加起来
11.in order按顺序
in pain痛苦,在苦恼中
in trouble处于困境中
in silence在寂静中
in surprise惊奇地
12.in trouble在危险、受罚、忧虑的处境中
out of trouble摆脱麻烦;脱离困境
get into trouble陷入困境;遇到麻烦
get sb into/out of trouble使某人陷入/摆脱困境
take the trouble to do sth不辞辛劳做某事;费神做某事
have trouble with sth做某事有困难/麻烦
13.respect sb for sth因某事而尊重某人
have/show respect for sb尊重某人
out of respect for...出于对……的尊敬;顾及
14.bring about带来;引来;造成bring along使发展;促使成长
bring down打落;击落;降低
bring forth生产;产出
bring forward提出;把……提前
bring in带来;引来;引进
bring up 抚养;教育;提出;呕吐
15.measure...by...用……来衡量……
make...to one’s measure按某人的尺寸做(衣服等)
take measures to do sth采取措施做某事
in some measure 在某种程度上
economy measures 节约措施
economic measures 经济措施
measurement n.测量
16.(1)be lost in reflection陷入深思之中
(2)reflect vt.映射;反射vi.思考
reflect...in...在……中反映出/映照出……
reflect on思考,反省;回想
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